email from Stefan Immke, 2010-04-07
Spectrum 150: SW-SR-1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Econlux/Terra-Solutions Econlux GmbH www.terra-solutions.de www.econlux.de |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Solar Raptor HID 70W Spot PAR30-Spot (97mmx123mm) >150 µW/cm² @ 30cm 30° |
| Lamp ID |
SW-SR-1 (04/2010) |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Manufacturer |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
8/Apr/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.34 ) | ( 0.27 ; 0.37 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.2 ; 0.28 ) |
| CCT | 5400 Kelvin | 9100 Kelvin | 6500 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.034 | 0.057 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 76400 µW/cm² = 764 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0.0557 µW/cm² = 0.000557 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 1.25 µW/cm² = 0.0125 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 76400 µW/cm² = 764 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 66.7 µW/cm² = 0.667 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 113 µW/cm² = 1.13 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 8300 µW/cm² = 83 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 65.5 µW/cm² = 0.655 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 395 µW/cm² = 3.95 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 8240 µW/cm² = 82.4 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 585 µW/cm² = 5.85 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 8190 µW/cm² = 81.9 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 7840 µW/cm² = 78.4 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 11700 µW/cm² = 117 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 6790 µW/cm² = 67.9 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 56400 µW/cm² = 564 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 69500 µW/cm² = 695 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 9760 µW/cm² = 97.6 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 67300 µW/cm² = 673 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 58600 µW/cm² = 586 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 14900 µW/cm² = 149 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 16800 µW/cm² = 168 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 2080 µW/cm² = 20.8 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 13600 µW/cm² = 136 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 10200 µW/cm² = 102 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 5350 µW/cm² = 53.5 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 5.45 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 42.2 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 5.89 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.37 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.906 Vitamin D3 13.8 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 40400 µW/cm² Luminosity 170000 lx Human L-Cone 25600 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 21000 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 13000 µW/cm² CIE X 23200 µW/cm² CIE Y 23600 µW/cm² CIE Z 22700 µW/cm² PAR 274000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 129 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 484 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 84500 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 19.1 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1020000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 20.7 m²/mol L-Cone 21600 µW/cm² M-Cone 17800 µW/cm² S-Cone 24000 µW/cm² U-Cone 23300 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 4.47 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 18000 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 16000 µW/cm² (94.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 14.2 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 192000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 25.2 µW/cm² Actinic UV 4.45 µW/cm² (0.261 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 27700 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 25900 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 25000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 204 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 4.94 Leybold UVB 111 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 6390 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.0207 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 508 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 37.7 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 30.6 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 4040 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 6850 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 57.1 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.074 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 15.4 IU/min UVX-31 892 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.118 µW/cm² IL UVA 7760 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 3.85 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 126 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 32.6) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 58.4 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 5.29 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 737 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 128 mW/cm² LS122 0 W/m² ISM400 511 W/m²