Model "Tungsten Lamp Model 2024 v4.1"
Spectrum 792: Q2100 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Quentins Halogen Lamp Model Based on Planck Emission, Spectral Transmission of Glass, Spectral emissivity of tungsten and different temperatures, collected by Quentin Dishman |
| Lamp ID |
Q2100 (07/2024) 2100 K filament temperature, Model "Tungsten Lamp Model 2024 v4.1" |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/Jul/2024 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/Jul/2024
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.51 ; 0.42 ) | ( 0.73 ; 0.22 ) | ( 0.69 ; 0.23 ; 0.068 ) |
| CCT | 2100 Kelvin | 2100 Kelvin | 2100 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.00072 | 0.0011 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 100000 µW/cm² = 1000 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 9220 µW/cm² = 92.2 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.002 µW/cm² = 2.0E-5 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.0104 µW/cm² = 0.000104 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 3 µW/cm² = 0.03 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.002 µW/cm² = 2.0E-5 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0.111 µW/cm² = 0.00111 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 3 µW/cm² = 0.03 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0.183 µW/cm² = 0.00183 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 2.99 µW/cm² = 0.0299 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 2.89 µW/cm² = 0.0289 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 6.99 µW/cm² = 0.0699 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 2.52 µW/cm² = 0.0252 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 752 µW/cm² = 7.52 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 2460 µW/cm² = 24.6 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 11.9 µW/cm² = 0.119 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 4870 µW/cm² = 48.7 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 2000 µW/cm² = 20 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 2450 µW/cm² = 24.5 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 22700 µW/cm² = 227 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 87.9 µW/cm² = 0.879 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 414 µW/cm² = 4.14 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 86.5 µW/cm² = 0.865 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 836 µW/cm² = 8.36 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 3430 µW/cm² = 34.3 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 41700 µW/cm² = 417 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 19700 µW/cm² = 197 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 55800 µW/cm² = 558 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.000878 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.00388 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 5.79E-5 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0 µW/cm² DNA Damage 3.85E-6 Vitamin D3 6.99E-5 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1820 µW/cm² Luminosity 5680 lx Human L-Cone 923 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 558 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 68 µW/cm² CIE X 971 µW/cm² CIE Y 787 µW/cm² CIE Z 136 µW/cm² PAR 12800000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0.0121 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 0.0514 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 12.8 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 182 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0 m²/mol L-Cone 918 µW/cm² M-Cone 302 µW/cm² S-Cone 91.2 µW/cm² U-Cone 20.8 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.000556 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 138 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 78.2 µW/cm² (13.8 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 6.79E-5 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 3820 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.00259 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.000556 µW/cm² (0.00098 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 0.529 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 0.0886 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 5.31 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.0447 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.000404 Leybold UVB 0.014 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 2.42 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.135 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.00391 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.000643 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1.35 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 2.41 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.00764 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -2.82E-6 µW/cm² Luxmeter 5160 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.00126 IU/min UVX-31 0.238 µW/cm² IL UVB 2.74E-5 µW/cm² IL UVA 2.98 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.000248 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.0229 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 92) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.00367 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.00122 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 349 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.0694 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 857 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 442 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 786 W/m² ISM400_new 549 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 360 W/m²