Model "Tungsten Lamp Model 2024 v4.1"
Spectrum 791: Q2000 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Quentins Halogen Lamp Model Based on Planck Emission, Spectral Transmission of Glass, Spectral emissivity of tungsten and different temperatures, collected by Quentin Dishman |
| Lamp ID |
Q2000 (07/2024) 2000 K filament temperature, Model "Tungsten Lamp Model 2024 v4.1" |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/Jul/2024 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/Jul/2024
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.52 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.75 ; 0.21 ) | ( 0.71 ; 0.21 ; 0.059 ) |
| CCT | 2000 Kelvin | 2000 Kelvin | 2000 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.00061 | 0.0011 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 100000 µW/cm² = 1000 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 7450 µW/cm² = 74.5 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.000863 µW/cm² = 8.63E-6 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.00451 µW/cm² = 4.51E-5 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 1.5 µW/cm² = 0.015 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.000863 µW/cm² = 8.63E-6 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0.05 µW/cm² = 0.0005 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 1.5 µW/cm² = 0.015 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0.0837 µW/cm² = 0.000837 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 1.5 µW/cm² = 0.015 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 1.45 µW/cm² = 0.0145 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 3.65 µW/cm² = 0.0365 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 1.28 µW/cm² = 0.0128 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 512 µW/cm² = 5.12 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1810 µW/cm² = 18.1 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 6.53 µW/cm² = 0.0653 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 3760 µW/cm² = 37.6 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 1450 µW/cm² = 14.5 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1810 µW/cm² = 18.1 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 19700 µW/cm² = 197 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 53.8 µW/cm² = 0.538 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 282 µW/cm² = 2.82 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 61.4 µW/cm² = 0.614 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 616 µW/cm² = 6.16 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 2740 µW/cm² = 27.4 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 38800 µW/cm² = 388 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 17500 µW/cm² = 175 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 59400 µW/cm² = 594 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.000434 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.00173 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 2.5E-5 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0 µW/cm² DNA Damage 1.81E-6 Vitamin D3 3.02E-5 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1350 µW/cm² Luminosity 4030 lx Human L-Cone 659 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 388 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 41.6 µW/cm² CIE X 705 µW/cm² CIE Y 558 µW/cm² CIE Z 83.7 µW/cm² PAR 9450000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0.00534 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 0.0227 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 5.81 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 83 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0 m²/mol L-Cone 663 µW/cm² M-Cone 199 µW/cm² S-Cone 54.6 µW/cm² U-Cone 11.2 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.000277 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 87.1 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 48.1 µW/cm² (11.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 2.93E-5 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2680 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.00114 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.000277 µW/cm² (0.000686 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 0.232 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 0.0385 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 2.45 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.0214 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.000194 Leybold UVB 0.00621 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 1.21 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.0615 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.00172 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.000277 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 0.667 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 1.2 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.00348 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -1.22E-6 µW/cm² Luxmeter 3620 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.000606 IU/min UVX-31 0.111 µW/cm² IL UVB 1.28E-5 µW/cm² IL UVA 1.5 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.000115 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.0102 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 88.9) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.00167 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.000612 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 303 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.036 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 844 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 386 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 774 W/m² ISM400_new 483 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 312 W/m²