Spectrum #734 TG-BS-2.4-23W-001 (Bird Systems Zone 1 - 2.4% 32W Compact Fluorescent Lamp) Edit
Delete(1) Raw Measurement
| Lampid | TG-BS-2.4-23W-001 |
|---|---|
| Spectrometer | FLAME UV-Vis (E) |
| Originator | Thomas Griffiths |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | - no reflector - |
| Distance | 30 |
| Age | 100 |
created by Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.), 26.09.2023; last updated by Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.), 26.09.2023
Description
Area (m²):1063 1.1946E-5
Illuminance (lux):1065 7.3611E2
Luminance (candela per m²):1067 7.3611E2
Luminous Flux (lumen):1064 8.7936E-3
Luminous intensity (candela):1066 8.7936E-3
Observer:1061 Photopic
Solid Angle (steradians):1062 1.0
Source:1060 FLMT09760Device Source:1045 FLMT09760
Integration Begin:1046 280.00
Integration End:1047 800.00
Method:1048 Uses Simpson's Rule for integration.
Moles of Photons:1057 3.0083E-11
PAR uMoles/m²/sec:1059 1.1283E1
PAR uMoles:1058 2.3717E-5
Photons/cm²/sec:1055 8.6185E14
Total Photons:1056 1.8116E13
dBm:1053 -1.3748E1
eV:1054 4.6333E13
uJoule/cm²:1051 6.2141E1
uJoule:1049 7.4234E0
uWatt/cm²:1052 3.5316E2
uWatt:1050 4.2188E1CCT:1086 5615K
CRI DC:1084 1.64E-2
CRI R01:1069 66.5 (5615K)
CRI R02:1070 74.2 (5615K)
CRI R03:1071 80.6 (5615K)
CRI R04:1072 76.7 (5615K)
CRI R05:1073 71.3 (5615K)
CRI R06:1074 68.8 (5615K)
CRI R07:1075 67.7 (5615K)
CRI R08:1076 68.2 (5615K)
CRI R09:1077 82.1 (5615K)
CRI R10:1078 81.2 (5615K)
CRI R11:1079 78.3 (5615K)
CRI R12:1080 77.5 (5615K)
CRI R13:1081 59.1 (5615K)
CRI R14:1082 84.3 (5615K)
CRI R15:1083 62.6 (5615K)
CRI Ra:1068 71.8 (5615K)
DC<5.4E-3:1085 false
(2) Comparison of full spectrum to sunlight
The spectrum is compared to the ASTM spectrum. The measured spectrum is scaled to a lux or UVI value that seems to "make sense" to the database. This can go wrong, depending on the quality and range of the data.
(3) Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (ASTM spectrum).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.31 ) | ( 0.32 ; 0.48 ) | ( 0.29 ; 0.23 ; 0.34 ) |
| CCT | 5600 Kelvin | 6600 Kelvin | 5400 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.14 | 0.1 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
(4) Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the readings of two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
(5) Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
(5a) Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 360 µW/cm² = 3.6 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 360 µW/cm² = 3.6 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 17.8 µW/cm² = 0.178 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 25.2 µW/cm² = 0.252 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 89.5 µW/cm² = 0.895 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 17.8 µW/cm² = 0.178 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 30 µW/cm² = 0.3 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 71.7 µW/cm² = 0.717 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 30.4 µW/cm² = 0.304 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 64.3 µW/cm² = 0.643 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 41.7 µW/cm² = 0.417 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 36.5 µW/cm² = 0.365 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 20.8 µW/cm² = 0.208 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 218 µW/cm² = 2.18 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 282 µW/cm² = 2.82 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 18.9 µW/cm² = 0.189 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 270 µW/cm² = 2.7 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 255 µW/cm² = 2.55 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 259 µW/cm² = 2.59 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 268 µW/cm² = 2.68 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 79.4 µW/cm² = 0.794 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 76 µW/cm² = 0.76 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 11.3 µW/cm² = 0.113 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 65.3 µW/cm² = 0.653 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 18.8 µW/cm² = 0.188 W/m² IR2 ( 655 nm - 685 nm) 6.06 µW/cm² = 0.0606 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 8.87 µW/cm² = 0.0887 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
(5b) Actionspectra
Erythema 0.961 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 9.57 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 1.59 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0299 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.105 Vitamin D3 4.13 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 179 µW/cm² Luminosity 783 lx Human L-Cone 118 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 94.9 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 67.2 µW/cm² CIE X 114 µW/cm² CIE Y 108 µW/cm² CIE Z 124 µW/cm² PAR PPFD 12.4 µmol/m²/s Extinction preD3 27.2 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 95.6 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 12700 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 4.07 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 133000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 3.88 m²/mol L-Cone 100 µW/cm² M-Cone 79.9 µW/cm² S-Cone 120 µW/cm² U-Cone 50.1 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.767 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 87.3 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 75.1 µW/cm² (95.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 4.49 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 804 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 4.8 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.76 µW/cm² (9.72 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 5930 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 5050 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 2030 m²/mol UV-Index2 0.961 UV-Index (285-400nm)
(5c) Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 29 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 1.17 Leybold UVB 21.5 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 44.8 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.002 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 44.2 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 5.71 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 7.71 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 53.5 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 60.9 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 11 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.00826 µW/cm² Luxmeter 788 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 3.65 IU/min UVX-31 47.9 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0119 µW/cm² IL UVA 51.8 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.973 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 18.7 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 19.2) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 14.1 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.768 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 3.11 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.687 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 1.9 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.095 W/m² ISM400_new 1.51 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 2.78 W/m²
(5d) Summary of my favourites
| UVC (0nm -280nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| non-terrestrial (0nm -290nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVB (EU) (280nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 17.8 | 4.95 % |
| UVB (US) (280nm -320nm) [µW/cm] | 25.2 | 7 % |
| Solar UVB (290nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 17.8 | 4.95 % |
| UVA (EU) (315nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 71.7 | 19.9 % |
| UVA (US) (320nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 64.3 | 17.9 % |
| UVA2 (medical definition) (320nm -340nm) [µW/cm] | 30.4 | 8.45 % |
| UVA1 (medical) (340nm -400nm) [µW/cm] | 36.5 | 10.1 % |
| UVA D3 regulating (315nm -335nm) [µW/cm] | 30 | 8.35 % |
| vis. UVA (350nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 20.8 | 5.78 % |
| VIS (380nm -780nm) [µW/cm] | 270 | 75 % |
| blue (420nm -490nm) [µW/cm] | 79.4 | 22.1 % |
| total2 (250nm -880nm) [µW/cm] | 360 | 100 % |
| UV-Index2 [UV-Index] | 0.961 | |
| Luminosity [lx] | 783 | |
| Blue Light Hazard [µW/cm²] | 75.1 | 95.9µW/cm/1000lx |
| Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) [UV-Index] | 0.973 | |
| Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) [µW/cm²] | 18.7 | |
| Actinic UV [µW/cm²] | 0.76 | 6.01 at UVI7.6 |
| Vitamin D3 [µW/cm²] | 4.13 | 32.7 at UVI7.6 |