UG11, limit 1µW/cm²/nm
Spectrum 69: BP7 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Zoo Med Zoo Med Laboratories, Inc http://www.zoomed.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
PowerSun UV 160W |
| Lamp ID |
BP7 (11/2007) |
| Spectrometer | USB 2000 |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
4/Mar/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 270.05 - 750.92 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.34 ; 0.39 ) | ( 0.12 ; 0.36 ) | ( 0.27 ; 0.088 ; 0.26 ) |
| CCT | 5400 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin | 7900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0 | 0.17 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 3850 µW/cm² = 38.5 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 3850 µW/cm² = 38.5 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 60.8 µW/cm² = 0.608 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 61.4 µW/cm² = 0.614 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 1020 µW/cm² = 10.2 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 60.8 µW/cm² = 0.608 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 46.7 µW/cm² = 0.467 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 959 µW/cm² = 9.59 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 57.9 µW/cm² = 0.579 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 958 µW/cm² = 9.58 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 912 µW/cm² = 9.12 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 919 µW/cm² = 9.19 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 883 µW/cm² = 8.83 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 3340 µW/cm² = 33.4 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 3570 µW/cm² = 35.7 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 315 µW/cm² = 3.15 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 2830 µW/cm² = 28.3 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 2610 µW/cm² = 26.1 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 2670 µW/cm² = 26.7 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 2810 µW/cm² = 28.1 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 597 µW/cm² = 5.97 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 790 µW/cm² = 7.9 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 728 µW/cm² = 7.28 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 129 µW/cm² = 1.29 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 275 µW/cm² = 2.75 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 144 µW/cm² = 1.44 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 87.4 µW/cm² = 0.874 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 1.83 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 21.8 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 3.75 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0194 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.0983 Vitamin D3 8.73 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1670 µW/cm² Luminosity 10300 lx Human L-Cone 1520 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1310 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 582 µW/cm² CIE X 1260 µW/cm² CIE Y 1470 µW/cm² CIE Z 1020 µW/cm² PAR 13700000 mol photons Extinction preD3 61.1 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 202 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 27900 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 5.18 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 281000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 2.48 m²/mol L-Cone 1300 µW/cm² M-Cone 418 µW/cm² S-Cone 1230 µW/cm² U-Cone 1790 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 1.24 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 656 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 678 µW/cm² (65.8 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 8.88 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 10000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 10.9 µW/cm² Actinic UV 1.17 µW/cm² (1.14 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 9000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 4520 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 4300 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 65.2 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 2.29 Leybold UVB 52.8 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 682 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 87.9 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 10.2 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 17.6 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 269 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 835 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 27.7 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.0134 µW/cm² Luxmeter 11200 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 7.17 IU/min UVX-31 125 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0279 µW/cm² IL UVA 894 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 2.09 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 36.7 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 17.6) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 40.7 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 2.15 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 33.4 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 11.7 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 20.3 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 1.05 W/m² ISM400_new 16.1 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 30 W/m²