Spectrum 596: SW23 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Reptiles Expert http://www.reptilesexpert.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
UVB Metal Halide Lamp Flood 70W PAR 38 |
| Lamp ID |
SW23 (01/2022) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 54.5 cm |
| Age | 80 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
26/Mar/2022 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
26/Mar/2022
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.34 ; 0.34 ) | ( 0.2 ; 0.38 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.15 ; 0.29 ) |
| CCT | 5300 Kelvin | 17000 Kelvin | 7600 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.064 | 0.1 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 4200 µW/cm² = 42 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 1.74 µW/cm² = 0.0174 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 4.31 µW/cm² = 0.0431 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 4180 µW/cm² = 41.8 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 21.6 µW/cm² = 0.216 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 26.1 µW/cm² = 0.261 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 571 µW/cm² = 5.71 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 19 µW/cm² = 0.19 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 36.2 µW/cm² = 0.362 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 549 µW/cm² = 5.49 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 47.9 µW/cm² = 0.479 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 545 µW/cm² = 5.45 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 513 µW/cm² = 5.13 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 706 µW/cm² = 7.06 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 456 µW/cm² = 4.56 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 3080 µW/cm² = 30.8 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 3560 µW/cm² = 35.6 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 538 µW/cm² = 5.38 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 3290 µW/cm² = 32.9 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 2820 µW/cm² = 28.2 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 2890 µW/cm² = 28.9 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 3420 µW/cm² = 34.2 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 762 µW/cm² = 7.62 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 790 µW/cm² = 7.9 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 230 µW/cm² = 2.3 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 564 µW/cm² = 5.64 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 404 µW/cm² = 4.04 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 527 µW/cm² = 5.27 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 479 µW/cm² = 4.79 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 3.64 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 10.1 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 5.28 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.45 µW/cm² DNA Damage 2.74 Vitamin D3 8.89 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1980 µW/cm² Luminosity 8840 lx Human L-Cone 1330 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1080 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 689 µW/cm² CIE X 1220 µW/cm² CIE Y 1230 µW/cm² CIE Z 1190 µW/cm² PAR 13800000 mol photons Extinction preD3 58.3 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 207 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 40000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 40.1 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 290000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 52 m²/mol L-Cone 1140 µW/cm² M-Cone 714 µW/cm² S-Cone 1340 µW/cm² U-Cone 1450 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 5.55 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 889 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 847 µW/cm² (95.8 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 9.12 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 10000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 8.06 µW/cm² Actinic UV 5.52 µW/cm² (6.24 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 47400 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 59300 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 4380 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 36.9 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 3.2 Leybold UVB 21.4 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 407 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.338 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 53.2 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 7.17 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 9.97 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 221 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 454 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 16 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.775 µW/cm² Luxmeter 9210 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 10 IU/min UVX-31 76.4 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0178 µW/cm² IL UVA 505 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 1.96 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 19.3 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 9.87) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 17.8 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 1.08 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 41.2 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 8.03 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0.769 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 30.7 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 1.8 W/m² ISM400_new 27.6 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 38.3 W/m²