focussed on UV, saturated in the visible range
Spectrum 592: SW21 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Reptiles Expert http://www.reptilesexpert.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
UVB MD-Lampe 50 Watt PAR 30 |
| Lamp ID |
SW21 (01/2022) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ |
| Ballast | 50W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 90 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Feb/2022 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Feb/2022
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 290.274 - 402.549 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.17 ; 0.0049 ) | ( 0.00026 ; 0.04 ) | ( 1.5E-5 ; 0.00026 ; 0.04 ) |
| CCT | 0 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin |
| distance | 0 | 0 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 4860 µW/cm² = 48.6 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 4860 µW/cm² = 48.6 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 133 µW/cm² = 1.33 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 160 µW/cm² = 1.6 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 3400 µW/cm² = 34 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 133 µW/cm² = 1.33 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 215 µW/cm² = 2.15 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 3270 µW/cm² = 32.7 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 289 µW/cm² = 2.89 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 3250 µW/cm² = 32.5 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 3060 µW/cm² = 30.6 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 4150 µW/cm² = 41.5 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 2760 µW/cm² = 27.6 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 4210 µW/cm² = 42.1 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 4210 µW/cm² = 42.1 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 1460 µW/cm² = 14.6 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1460 µW/cm² = 14.6 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 267 µW/cm² = 2.67 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 267 µW/cm² = 2.67 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 267 µW/cm² = 2.67 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 9.46 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 61.5 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 14.6 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.411 µW/cm² DNA Damage 1.5 Vitamin D3 33.3 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 115 µW/cm² Luminosity 9.81 lx Human L-Cone 1.42 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1.32 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 33.1 µW/cm² CIE X 11.2 µW/cm² CIE Y 0.316 µW/cm² CIE Z 53.2 µW/cm² PAR 1510000 mol photons Extinction preD3 192 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 687 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 99300 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 47.5 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1030000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 56.7 m²/mol L-Cone 0.103 µW/cm² M-Cone 1.8 µW/cm² S-Cone 272 µW/cm² U-Cone 6530 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 9.04 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 82.5 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 105 µW/cm² (10700 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 34.8 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 9520 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 32.6 µW/cm² Actinic UV 8.91 µW/cm² (9080 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 62600 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 70300 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 16500 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 196 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 9.62 Leybold UVB 139 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 2440 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.0369 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 323 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 35.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 51.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1330 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 2740 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 79 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.0548 µW/cm² Luxmeter 10.9 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 30.1 IU/min UVX-31 467 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0923 µW/cm² IL UVA 3010 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 7.34 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 115 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 15.6) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 98.8 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 5.79 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 23.3 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 45.9 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 4.35 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0 W/m² ISM400_new 2.25 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 12.3 W/m²