Spectrum 58: BZL2 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
R-Zilla Zilla Products http://www.zilla-rules.com |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Desert 50 T8 18W |
| Lamp ID |
BZL2 (09/2007) |
| Spectrometer | USB 2000 |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 150 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
4/Mar/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 250.17 - 780.01 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.32 ) | ( 0.34 ; 0.47 ) | ( 0.29 ; 0.24 ; 0.33 ) |
| CCT | 5600 Kelvin | 6100 Kelvin | 5200 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.13 | 0.097 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 675 µW/cm² = 6.75 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0.143 µW/cm² = 0.00143 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 6.59 µW/cm² = 0.0659 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 675 µW/cm² = 6.75 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 93.4 µW/cm² = 0.934 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 108 µW/cm² = 1.08 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 157 µW/cm² = 1.57 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 87 µW/cm² = 0.87 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 39.2 µW/cm² = 0.392 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 63.2 µW/cm² = 0.632 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 28.3 µW/cm² = 0.283 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 48.3 µW/cm² = 0.483 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 23.9 µW/cm² = 0.239 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 27.3 µW/cm² = 0.273 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 15.6 µW/cm² = 0.156 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 356 µW/cm² = 3.56 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 496 µW/cm² = 4.96 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 37.4 µW/cm² = 0.374 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 518 µW/cm² = 5.18 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 453 µW/cm² = 4.53 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 473 µW/cm² = 4.73 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 511 µW/cm² = 5.11 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 123 µW/cm² = 1.23 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 134 µW/cm² = 1.34 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 24.1 µW/cm² = 0.241 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 102 µW/cm² = 1.02 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 98.4 µW/cm² = 0.984 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 37.9 µW/cm² = 0.379 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 23.4 µW/cm² = 0.234 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 16.6 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 54.4 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 26.1 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.9 µW/cm² DNA Damage 5.61 Vitamin D3 52.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 332 µW/cm² Luminosity 1300 lx Human L-Cone 195 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 159 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 106 µW/cm² CIE X 184 µW/cm² CIE Y 180 µW/cm² CIE Z 193 µW/cm² PAR 2300000 mol photons Extinction preD3 219 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 812 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 123000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 129 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1040000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 166 m²/mol L-Cone 168 µW/cm² M-Cone 137 µW/cm² S-Cone 190 µW/cm² U-Cone 74.4 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 20.6 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 141 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 120 µW/cm² (92.6 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 55.4 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 1320 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 29.7 µW/cm² Actinic UV 20.4 µW/cm² (157 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 153000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 196000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 10400 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 128 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 15.7 Leybold UVB 90.2 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 28.5 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.0334 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 110 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 21.8 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 56.7 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 55.4 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 54.2 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 72.8 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.239 µW/cm² Luxmeter 1310 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 49.1 IU/min UVX-31 117 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0576 µW/cm² IL UVA 39.3 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 10.3 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 63.4 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 6.15) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 81.7 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 4.09 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 6.11 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.625 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 4.16 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.205 W/m² ISM400_new 3.49 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 5.59 W/m²