Spectrum 540: BTLD4 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Philips Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. http://www.philips.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Master TLD90 DeLuxe 950 36W T8 fluorescent tube |
| Lamp ID |
BTLD4 (04/2017) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 1 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
18/Apr/2017 ; updated:
Frances Baines
18/Apr/2017
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.33 ) | ( 0.47 ; 0.45 ) | ( 0.32 ; 0.32 ; 0.31 ) |
| CCT | 5600 Kelvin | 4200 Kelvin | 4600 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.12 | 0.086 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1120 µW/cm² = 11.2 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1120 µW/cm² = 11.2 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 2.48 µW/cm² = 0.0248 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 2.88 µW/cm² = 0.0288 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 17.8 µW/cm² = 0.178 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 2.48 µW/cm² = 0.0248 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 1.57 µW/cm² = 0.0157 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 15.3 µW/cm² = 0.153 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 1.55 µW/cm² = 0.0155 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 14.9 µW/cm² = 0.149 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 13.7 µW/cm² = 0.137 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 17.1 µW/cm² = 0.171 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 12.9 µW/cm² = 0.129 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 806 µW/cm² = 8.06 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1080 µW/cm² = 10.8 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 38.5 µW/cm² = 0.385 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1100 µW/cm² = 11 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 1050 µW/cm² = 10.5 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1070 µW/cm² = 10.7 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 1090 µW/cm² = 10.9 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 321 µW/cm² = 3.21 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 350 µW/cm² = 3.5 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 27.8 µW/cm² = 0.278 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 291 µW/cm² = 2.91 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 68.3 µW/cm² = 0.683 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 27.1 µW/cm² = 0.271 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 9.11 µW/cm² = 0.0911 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.0733 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.871 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.143 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.00118 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.00521 Vitamin D3 0.308 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 734 µW/cm² Luminosity 3320 lx Human L-Cone 499 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 409 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 250 µW/cm² CIE X 459 µW/cm² CIE Y 460 µW/cm² CIE Z 473 µW/cm² PAR 4940000 mol photons Extinction preD3 2.6 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 9.02 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 1170 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0.218 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 11900 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0.202 m²/mol L-Cone 418 µW/cm² M-Cone 421 µW/cm² S-Cone 406 µW/cm² U-Cone 74 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.0481 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 363 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 274 µW/cm² (82.4 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0.311 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 3190 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.481 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.0477 µW/cm² (0.143 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 393 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 301 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 175 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 2.97 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.0833 Leybold UVB 2.3 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 10.4 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.00011 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 3.68 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.504 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.727 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 6.71 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 13.1 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 1.12 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.00153 µW/cm² Luxmeter 3340 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.26 IU/min UVX-31 4.27 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.00111 µW/cm² IL UVA 13.9 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.0753 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 1.79 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 23.7) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 1.56 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.0863 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 11.4 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.24 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 7.73 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.389 W/m² ISM400_new 6.15 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 11 W/m²