Spectrum 469: BSR9 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Econlux/Terra-Solutions Econlux GmbH www.terra-solutions.de www.econlux.de |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Solar Raptor HID 70W Spot PAR30-Spot (97mmx123mm) >150 µW/cm² @ 30cm 30° |
| Lamp ID |
BSR9 (04/2011) Solar Raptor HID-Lamp 70watt Spot-Beam |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
12/Feb/2012 ; updated:
Frances Baines
12/Feb/2012
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 250.23 - 750.24 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.31 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.23 ; 0.39 ) | ( 0.23 ; 0.17 ; 0.3 ) |
| CCT | 6600 Kelvin | 13000 Kelvin | 7900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.061 | 0.079 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 74800 µW/cm² = 748 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 74800 µW/cm² = 748 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 216 µW/cm² = 2.16 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 285 µW/cm² = 2.85 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 11000 µW/cm² = 110 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 216 µW/cm² = 2.16 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 528 µW/cm² = 5.28 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 10800 µW/cm² = 108 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 706 µW/cm² = 7.06 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 10700 µW/cm² = 107 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 10200 µW/cm² = 102 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 14300 µW/cm² = 143 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 9300 µW/cm² = 93 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 62800 µW/cm² = 628 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 71400 µW/cm² = 714 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 10700 µW/cm² = 107 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 63800 µW/cm² = 638 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 56400 µW/cm² = 564 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 57800 µW/cm² = 578 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 59500 µW/cm² = 595 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 16000 µW/cm² = 160 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 18300 µW/cm² = 183 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 3250 µW/cm² = 32.5 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 9950 µW/cm² = 99.5 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 5650 µW/cm² = 56.5 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 1680 µW/cm² = 16.8 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 941 µW/cm² = 9.41 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 8.8 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 95.8 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 12.6 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0942 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.377 Vitamin D3 30 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 39200 µW/cm² Luminosity 179000 lx Human L-Cone 26300 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 23100 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 14400 µW/cm² CIE X 22200 µW/cm² CIE Y 25100 µW/cm² CIE Z 24700 µW/cm² PAR 269000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 277 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 995 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 149000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 17.4 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1730000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 10.9 m²/mol L-Cone 21500 µW/cm² M-Cone 16400 µW/cm² S-Cone 28100 µW/cm² U-Cone 28200 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 5.51 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 18600 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 18000 µW/cm² (101 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 31.3 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 204000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 53.7 µW/cm² Actinic UV 5.45 µW/cm² (0.305 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 35000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 17600 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 37700 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 396 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 9.35 Leybold UVB 253 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 8080 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.00219 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 740 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 72 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 66.7 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 4500 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 8850 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 121 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.105 µW/cm² Luxmeter 188000 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 29.2 IU/min UVX-31 1220 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.189 µW/cm² IL UVA 10000 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 8.09 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 242 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 29.9) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 148 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 10.7 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 663 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 159 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 405 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 19.5 W/m² ISM400_new 318 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 600 W/m²