Startup Phase 3: some more seconds
Spectrum 423: SW-hci1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Osram Osram GmbH http://www.osram.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Powerball HCI T 70W / NDL 942 |
| Lamp ID |
SW-hci1 (01/2004) |
| Spectrometer | QE65000 |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
28/Dec/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Jul/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.39 ; 0.42 ) | ( 0.52 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.45 ; 0.28 ; 0.19 ) |
| CCT | 4000 Kelvin | 3500 Kelvin | 3300 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.029 | 0.021 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1260000 µW/cm² = 12600 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 171 µW/cm² = 1.71 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 192 µW/cm² = 1.92 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1230000 µW/cm² = 12300 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 125 µW/cm² = 1.25 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 153 µW/cm² = 1.53 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 11900 µW/cm² = 119 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 104 µW/cm² = 1.04 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 258 µW/cm² = 2.58 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 11800 µW/cm² = 118 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 360 µW/cm² = 3.6 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 11800 µW/cm² = 118 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 11500 µW/cm² = 115 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 25700 µW/cm² = 257 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 10700 µW/cm² = 107 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 739000 µW/cm² = 7390 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1060000 µW/cm² = 10600 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 51600 µW/cm² = 516 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1140000 µW/cm² = 11400 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 988000 µW/cm² = 9880 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1030000 µW/cm² = 10300 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 1230000 µW/cm² = 12300 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 146000 µW/cm² = 1460 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 357000 µW/cm² = 3570 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 41000 µW/cm² = 410 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 324000 µW/cm² = 3240 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 216000 µW/cm² = 2160 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 200000 µW/cm² = 2000 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 174000 µW/cm² = 1740 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 66.7 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 66.2 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 77.2 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 113 µW/cm² DNA Damage 152 Vitamin D3 86.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 660000 µW/cm² Luminosity 3660000 lx Human L-Cone 556000 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 437000 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 123000 µW/cm² CIE X 478000 µW/cm² CIE Y 512000 µW/cm² CIE Z 227000 µW/cm² PAR 4920000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 1490 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 3230 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 1150000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 1100 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 4110000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 1250 m²/mol L-Cone 482000 µW/cm² M-Cone 304000 µW/cm² S-Cone 206000 µW/cm² U-Cone 80400 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 126 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 195000 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 147000 µW/cm² (40.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 89.8 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2780000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 82.9 µW/cm² Actinic UV 125 µW/cm² (0.343 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 1040000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1240000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 608000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 416 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 36.4 Leybold UVB 126 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 9420 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 84.8 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 396 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 153 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 85.9 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 4390 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 9490 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 129 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 92.8 µW/cm² Luxmeter 3710000 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 114 IU/min UVX-31 812 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.18 µW/cm² IL UVA 11500 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 23.9 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 157 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 6.56) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 139 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 14.1 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 14900 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 253 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 315 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 12600 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 823 W/m² ISM400_new 11500 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 14900 W/m²