Spectrum 418: SW-hci1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Osram Osram GmbH http://www.osram.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Powerball HCI T 70W / NDL 942 |
| Lamp ID |
SW-hci1 (01/2004) |
| Spectrometer | QE65000 |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
28/Dec/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Jul/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.43 ; 0.42 ) | ( 0.62 ; 0.31 ) | ( 0.52 ; 0.29 ; 0.15 ) |
| CCT | 3200 Kelvin | 2800 Kelvin | 2900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.03 | 0.015 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1610000 µW/cm² = 16100 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 298 µW/cm² = 2.98 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 339 µW/cm² = 3.39 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1570000 µW/cm² = 15700 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 167 µW/cm² = 1.67 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 193 µW/cm² = 1.93 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 5280 µW/cm² = 52.8 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 126 µW/cm² = 1.26 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 171 µW/cm² = 1.71 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 5110 µW/cm² = 51.1 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 218 µW/cm² = 2.18 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 5090 µW/cm² = 50.9 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 4940 µW/cm² = 49.4 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 11300 µW/cm² = 113 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 4540 µW/cm² = 45.4 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 748000 µW/cm² = 7480 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1300000 µW/cm² = 13000 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 25200 µW/cm² = 252 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1450000 µW/cm² = 14500 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 1210000 µW/cm² = 12100 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1290000 µW/cm² = 12900 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 1600000 µW/cm² = 16000 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 143000 µW/cm² = 1430 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 391000 µW/cm² = 3910 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 54300 µW/cm² = 543 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 463000 µW/cm² = 4630 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 373000 µW/cm² = 3730 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 312000 µW/cm² = 3120 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 263000 µW/cm² = 2630 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 91.5 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 80.8 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 109 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 177 µW/cm² DNA Damage 239 Vitamin D3 124 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 846000 µW/cm² Luminosity 4260000 lx Human L-Cone 662000 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 479000 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 113000 µW/cm² CIE X 612000 µW/cm² CIE Y 593000 µW/cm² CIE Z 218000 µW/cm² PAR 6280000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 2240 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 4510 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 1820000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 1630 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 5440000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 1780 m²/mol L-Cone 599000 µW/cm² M-Cone 336000 µW/cm² S-Cone 171000 µW/cm² U-Cone 38700 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 188 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 194000 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 129000 µW/cm² (30.3 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 126 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 3070000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 99.9 µW/cm² Actinic UV 188 µW/cm² (0.44 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 1540000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1790000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 1080000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 435 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 47.6 Leybold UVB 145 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 4130 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 137 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 312 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 223 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 103 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1990 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 4190 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 165 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 154 µW/cm² Luxmeter 4190000 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 149 IU/min UVX-31 503 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.178 µW/cm² IL UVA 4990 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 33.1 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 166 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 5.02) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 171 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 15.6 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 20200 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 110 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 428 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 18000 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 1170 W/m² ISM400_new 16800 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 20500 W/m²