Spectrum 401: BA38 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Arcadia UK company https://www.arcadiareptile.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Arcadia D3+ Dragon 14% Reptile Lamp T5 24W |
| Lamp ID |
BA38 (04/2011) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
1/May/2011 ; updated:
Frances Baines
1/May/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.28 ; 0.29 ) | ( 0.35 ; 0.48 ) | ( 0.23 ; 0.27 ; 0.37 ) |
| CCT | 10000 Kelvin | 6000 Kelvin | 6400 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.14 | 0.11 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1470 µW/cm² = 14.7 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) -7.49 µW/cm² = -0.0749 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) -8.56 µW/cm² = -0.0856 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1470 µW/cm² = 14.7 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 106 µW/cm² = 1.06 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 168 µW/cm² = 1.68 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 614 µW/cm² = 6.14 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 107 µW/cm² = 1.07 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 252 µW/cm² = 2.52 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 508 µW/cm² = 5.08 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 254 µW/cm² = 2.54 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 446 µW/cm² = 4.46 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 256 µW/cm² = 2.56 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 197 µW/cm² = 1.97 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 93.8 µW/cm² = 0.938 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 758 µW/cm² = 7.58 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 897 µW/cm² = 8.97 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 52 µW/cm² = 0.52 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 833 µW/cm² = 8.33 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 792 µW/cm² = 7.92 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 799 µW/cm² = 7.99 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 861 µW/cm² = 8.61 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 308 µW/cm² = 3.08 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 246 µW/cm² = 2.46 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 29.5 µW/cm² = 0.295 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 145 µW/cm² = 1.45 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 52.8 µW/cm² = 0.528 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 62 µW/cm² = 0.62 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 52.8 µW/cm² = 0.528 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 1.7 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 63.6 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 5.52 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis -6.69 µW/cm² DNA Damage -7.14 Vitamin D3 22.3 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 571 µW/cm² Luminosity 2220 lx Human L-Cone 326 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 290 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 250 µW/cm² CIE X 304 µW/cm² CIE Y 307 µW/cm² CIE Z 465 µW/cm² PAR 3700000 mol photons Extinction preD3 106 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 483 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 13500 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol -39 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 712000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC -53.5 m²/mol L-Cone 263 µW/cm² M-Cone 312 µW/cm² S-Cone 433 µW/cm² U-Cone 153 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 -2.79 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 333 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 282 µW/cm² (127 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 25 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2600 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 29.8 µW/cm² Actinic UV -2.78 µW/cm² (-12.5 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol -30400 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC -49500 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols -21000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 191 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 6.02 Leybold UVB 145 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 308 µW/cm² Leybold UVC -6.02 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 331 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 34.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 49 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 398 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 426 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 68.8 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -6.26 µW/cm² Luxmeter 2290 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 18.8 IU/min UVX-31 354 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0795 µW/cm² IL UVA 345 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 5.1 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 132 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 25.8) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 86.8 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 4.67 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 11.1 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 4.38 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0.0118 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 6.21 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.272 W/m² ISM400_new 5.06 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 9.22 W/m²