Spectrum printed in report of Prof. Kaase, Uni Berlin,
http://lichtlit.testudolinks.de/index.php?action=resourceView&id=366
Spectrum 122: SW-M-14 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Namiba Terra Namiba Terra GmbH http://www.namibaterra.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Replux UV HEAT 160W |
| Lamp ID |
SW-M-14 (03/2010) |
| Spectrometer | USB 2000 |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 20 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Manufacturer |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
8/Mar/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.35 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.16 ; 0.38 ) | ( 0.33 ; 0.11 ; 0.26 ) |
| CCT | 5100 Kelvin | 93000 Kelvin | 5300 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.08 | 0.18 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 30500 µW/cm² = 305 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 30500 µW/cm² = 305 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 1160 µW/cm² = 11.6 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 1230 µW/cm² = 12.3 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 6550 µW/cm² = 65.5 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 1160 µW/cm² = 11.6 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 824 µW/cm² = 8.24 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 5400 µW/cm² = 54 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 920 µW/cm² = 9.2 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 5320 µW/cm² = 53.2 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 4580 µW/cm² = 45.8 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 4720 µW/cm² = 47.2 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 4210 µW/cm² = 42.1 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 25300 µW/cm² = 253 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 26600 µW/cm² = 266 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 3380 µW/cm² = 33.8 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 23600 µW/cm² = 236 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 21800 µW/cm² = 218 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 22200 µW/cm² = 222 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 23700 µW/cm² = 237 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 4240 µW/cm² = 42.4 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 7340 µW/cm² = 73.4 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 5790 µW/cm² = 57.9 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 787 µW/cm² = 7.87 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 1920 µW/cm² = 19.2 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 1470 µW/cm² = 14.7 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 1170 µW/cm² = 11.7 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 51.1 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 479 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 90.8 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.26 µW/cm² DNA Damage 5.2 Vitamin D3 230 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 13400 µW/cm² Luminosity 88700 lx Human L-Cone 13100 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 11300 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 4170 µW/cm² CIE X 10600 µW/cm² CIE Y 12600 µW/cm² CIE Z 7250 µW/cm² PAR 116000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 1340 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 4500 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 599000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 214 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 6100000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 197 m²/mol L-Cone 11300 µW/cm² M-Cone 3640 µW/cm² S-Cone 8850 µW/cm² U-Cone 10800 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 41.8 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 5210 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 4930 µW/cm² (55.6 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 239 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 78000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 227 µW/cm² Actinic UV 41.1 µW/cm² (4.63 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 306000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 273000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 85000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 1260 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 60.9 Leybold UVB 1040 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 3830 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.103 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 1610 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 201 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 400 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2600 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 4840 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 584 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.464 µW/cm² Luxmeter 96500 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 190 IU/min UVX-31 1900 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.531 µW/cm² IL UVA 4870 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 51.2 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 723 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 14.1) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 826 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 41.2 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 271 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 68.2 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 171 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 8.96 W/m² ISM400_new 138 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 247 W/m²