Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters. 2000. UV News 6. A-1–AA-36.
Spectrum 112: SW-T17 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Low Pressure Mercury |
| Lamp ID |
SW-T17 (03/2010) |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
8/Mar/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 200 - 519 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.17 ; 0.013 ) | ( 0.041 ; 0.57 ) | ( 0.0019 ; 0.041 ; 0.57 ) |
| CCT | 0 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin |
| distance | 0 | 0 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 2.04 µW/cm² = 0.0204 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 1.82 µW/cm² = 0.0182 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 1.83 µW/cm² = 0.0183 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1.99 µW/cm² = 0.0199 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.0558 µW/cm² = 0.000558 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.0575 µW/cm² = 0.000575 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 0.0988 µW/cm² = 0.000988 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.0461 µW/cm² = 0.000461 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0.00552 µW/cm² = 5.52E-5 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 0.0438 µW/cm² = 0.000438 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0.00461 µW/cm² = 4.61E-5 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 0.0413 µW/cm² = 0.000413 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 0.0381 µW/cm² = 0.000381 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 0.0397 µW/cm² = 0.000397 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 0.0357 µW/cm² = 0.000357 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 0.153 µW/cm² = 0.00153 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 0.153 µW/cm² = 0.00153 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 0.0396 µW/cm² = 0.000396 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 0.117 µW/cm² = 0.00117 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 0.114 µW/cm² = 0.00114 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 0.114 µW/cm² = 0.00114 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 0.114 µW/cm² = 0.00114 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 0.0767 µW/cm² = 0.000767 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 0.00119 µW/cm² = 1.19E-5 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.717 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.0204 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.444 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.72 µW/cm² DNA Damage 1.81 Vitamin D3 0.038 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 0.1 µW/cm² Luminosity 0.0287 lx Human L-Cone 0.00345 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 0.0052 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 0.0757 µW/cm² CIE X 0.0264 µW/cm² CIE Y 0.00202 µW/cm² CIE Z 0.131 µW/cm² PAR 654 mol photons Extinction preD3 15.5 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 18.1 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 15500 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 9.5 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 20900 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 9.31 m²/mol L-Cone 0.000519 µW/cm² M-Cone 0.0114 µW/cm² S-Cone 0.159 µW/cm² U-Cone 0.11 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.931 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 0.0788 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 0.0858 µW/cm² (2990 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0.107 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 0.479 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.0284 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.931 µW/cm² (325000 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 8590 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 8550 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 14000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 1.21 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.0122 Leybold UVB 0.0416 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 0.0285 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 1.78 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.0747 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 1.8 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.0271 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 0.0358 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 0.0444 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.0513 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 1.61 µW/cm² Luxmeter 0.0318 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.0383 IU/min UVX-31 0.0616 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.00017 µW/cm² IL UVA 0.0438 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.125 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.339 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 2.71) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.0495 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.0584 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 0.00438 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.000612 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 0.000292 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 6.98E-8 W/m² ISM400_new 0.000169 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 0.00124 W/m²