Elvidge, C. D., Keith, D. M., Tuttle, B. T., & Baugh, K. E. (2010). Spectral identification of lighting type and character. Sensors, 10, 3961–3988.
Spectrum 770: Elvidge2010_29 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Philips Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. http://www.philips.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Cosmo Polis CPO-TW 60W / 728 MST CosmoWh CPO-TW Xtra 90W/728 2800K CRI 70-79 |
| Lamp ID |
Elvidge2010_29 (01/2010) used in Elvidge, C. D., Keith, D. M., Tuttle, B. T., & Baugh, K. E. (2010). Spectral identification of lighting type and character. Sensors, 10, 3961–3988. Details in ALL_bands_20100303.xls * http://www.lighting.philips.com/us_en/browseliterature/.../p-5832.pdf (no full link!) * calculated from the spectrum: CCT 2874, CRI 100 * on the box: 6200 lm, 90 W Details in Metal_Halide_Lamps_20100311.xls * Cosmopolis 60W |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
19/Feb/2024 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
19/Feb/2024
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.45 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.46 ; 0.34 ) | ( 0.52 ; 0.23 ; 0.16 ) |
| CCT | 2900 Kelvin | 4000 Kelvin | 2900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0085 | 0.063 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 64.5 µW/cm² = 0.645 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 48.8 µW/cm² = 0.488 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 0.721 µW/cm² = 0.00721 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 0.721 µW/cm² = 0.00721 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 0.721 µW/cm² = 0.00721 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 0.721 µW/cm² = 0.00721 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 1.63 µW/cm² = 0.0163 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 0.721 µW/cm² = 0.00721 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 29.3 µW/cm² = 0.293 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 40.8 µW/cm² = 0.408 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 1.72 µW/cm² = 0.0172 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 41.9 µW/cm² = 0.419 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 39.2 µW/cm² = 0.392 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 4.83 µW/cm² = 0.0483 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 11.7 µW/cm² = 0.117 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 1.58 µW/cm² = 0.0158 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 17.7 µW/cm² = 0.177 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 4.39 µW/cm² = 0.0439 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 15.9 µW/cm² = 0.159 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 7.76 µW/cm² = 0.0776 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.00017 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 6.97E-5 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.04E-7 Vitamin D3 0 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 24.7 µW/cm² Luminosity 152 lx Human L-Cone 23.9 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 16.5 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 4.07 µW/cm² CIE X 23.1 µW/cm² CIE Y 21.1 µW/cm² CIE Z 7.49 µW/cm² PAR 187000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 0 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 0.246 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 4.63 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0 m²/mol L-Cone 21.8 µW/cm² M-Cone 9.5 µW/cm² S-Cone 6.94 µW/cm² U-Cone 4 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.000113 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 6.2 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 4.75 µW/cm² (31.2 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 110 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.000113 µW/cm² (0.00744 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 0 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 0.261 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.00599 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 5.99E-5 Leybold UVB 0 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 0.561 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 4.38E-5 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 0.265 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 0.549 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB -4.69E-5 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.000187 IU/min UVX-31 0.0201 µW/cm² IL UVB 2.23E-6 µW/cm² IL UVA 0.73 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 1.8E-5 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.000183 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 10.2) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.000225 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.000266 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 0.624 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.0159 mW/cm² LS122 0.102 W/m² ISM400 0.551 W/m²