Spectrum 756: Q2500 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Quentins Halogen Lamp Model Based on Planck Emission, Spectral Transmission of Glass, Spectral emissivity of tungsten and different temperatures, collected by Quentin Dishman |
| Lamp ID |
Q2500 (01/2024) 2500 K Tungsten Temperature |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
2/Feb/2024 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
2/Feb/2024
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.47 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.65 ; 0.26 ) | ( 0.59 ; 0.27 ; 0.11 ) |
| CCT | 2600 Kelvin | 2500 Kelvin | 2500 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0013 | 0.0017 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 100000 µW/cm² = 1000 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 17100 µW/cm² = 171 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.0266 µW/cm² = 0.000266 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.134 µW/cm² = 0.00134 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 25.4 µW/cm² = 0.254 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.0266 µW/cm² = 0.000266 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 1.28 µW/cm² = 0.0128 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 25.4 µW/cm² = 0.254 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 2.02 µW/cm² = 0.0202 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 25.3 µW/cm² = 0.253 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 24.1 µW/cm² = 0.241 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 51.6 µW/cm² = 0.516 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 20.5 µW/cm² = 0.205 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 2400 µW/cm² = 24 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 6130 µW/cm² = 61.3 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 74.1 µW/cm² = 0.741 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 10400 µW/cm² = 104 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 6080 µW/cm² = 60.8 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 388 µW/cm² = 3.88 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1300 µW/cm² = 13 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 234 µW/cm² = 2.34 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 2000 µW/cm² = 20 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 6420 µW/cm² = 64.2 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 49100 µW/cm² = 491 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 44700 µW/cm² = 447 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.00784 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.0465 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.000771 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.02E-5 Vitamin D3 0.00093 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 4380 µW/cm² Luminosity 15600 lx Human L-Cone 2480 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1640 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 303 µW/cm² CIE X 2470 µW/cm² CIE Y 2170 µW/cm² CIE Z 592 µW/cm² PAR 31000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0.152 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 0.641 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 146 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 2040 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0 m²/mol L-Cone 2380 µW/cm² M-Cone 1070 µW/cm² S-Cone 433 µW/cm² U-Cone 137 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.00484 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 564 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 344 µW/cm² (22.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0.000903 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 11100 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.0321 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.00484 µW/cm² (0.0031 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 6.69 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1.15 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 57.5 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.45 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.00396 Leybold UVB 0.173 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 20.2 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 1.5 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.0488 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.00855 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 12.1 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 20.6 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.0863 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -3.75E-5 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.0124 IU/min UVX-31 2.45 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.000286 µW/cm² IL UVA 24.7 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.00273 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.275 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 101) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.0428 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.0107 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 513 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.525 mW/cm² LS122 551 W/m² ISM400 632 W/m²