PAR20
Spectrum 739: TG-HALIDEPROT-001 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Halide Prototype Prototype Lamp |
| Lamp ID |
TG-HALIDEPROT-001 (11/2023) Prototype Halide Lamp |
| Spectrometer | FLAME UV-Vis (E) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 100 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Thomas Griffiths |
Database entry created:
Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.)
26/Nov/2023 ; updated:
Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.)
26/Nov/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.32 ; 0.36 ) | ( 0.21 ; 0.36 ) | ( 0.24 ; 0.16 ; 0.28 ) |
| CCT | 6100 Kelvin | 18000 Kelvin | 8000 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.042 | 0.092 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 4810 µW/cm² = 48.1 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 3.59 µW/cm² = 0.0359 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 4790 µW/cm² = 47.9 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 161 µW/cm² = 1.61 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 176 µW/cm² = 1.76 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 938 µW/cm² = 9.38 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 157 µW/cm² = 1.57 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 73.2 µW/cm² = 0.732 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 777 µW/cm² = 7.77 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 89.8 µW/cm² = 0.898 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 762 µW/cm² = 7.62 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 704 µW/cm² = 7.04 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 886 µW/cm² = 8.86 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 635 µW/cm² = 6.35 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 3680 µW/cm² = 36.8 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 3990 µW/cm² = 39.9 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 617 µW/cm² = 6.17 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 3470 µW/cm² = 34.7 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 3140 µW/cm² = 31.4 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 825 µW/cm² = 8.25 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1080 µW/cm² = 10.8 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 239 µW/cm² = 2.39 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 487 µW/cm² = 4.87 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 225 µW/cm² = 2.25 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 510 µW/cm² = 5.1 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 17.4 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 75.3 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 26.9 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.23 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.06 Vitamin D3 58.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 2070 µW/cm² Luminosity 10400 lx Human L-Cone 1530 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1340 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 753 µW/cm² CIE X 1280 µW/cm² CIE Y 1460 µW/cm² CIE Z 1290 µW/cm² PAR 15300000 mol photons Extinction preD3 264 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 958 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 138000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 110 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1250000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 136 m²/mol L-Cone 1270 µW/cm² M-Cone 856 µW/cm² S-Cone 1490 µW/cm² U-Cone 1780 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 19.2 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 989 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 926 µW/cm² (88.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 61.2 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 11600 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 39.1 µW/cm² Actinic UV 18.8 µW/cm² (18.1 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 135000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 164000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 14700 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 196 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 16.8 Leybold UVB 148 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 559 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.0847 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 208 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 33 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 71.6 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 381 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 664 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 98.8 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.0345 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 52.5 IU/min UVX-31 251 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0848 µW/cm² IL UVA 701 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 11.7 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 105 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 8.93) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 119 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 6.17 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 44.1 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 10.7 mW/cm² LS122 0.645 W/m² ISM400 30.9 W/m²