in situ, hard to gauge
Spectrum 728: TG-Tierpark Unit 400W Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Light Impex Henze GmbH |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
UV Halide 400W UV Metal Halide |
| Lamp ID |
TG-Tierpark Unit 400W (06/2023) In situ |
| Spectrometer | FLAME UV-Vis (E) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 150 cm |
| Age | 5 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Thomas Griffiths |
Database entry created:
Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.)
19/Sep/2023 ; updated:
Thomas Griffiths (Tomaskas Ltd.)
19/Sep/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.32 ; 0.33 ) | ( 0.33 ; 0.38 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.25 ; 0.28 ) |
| CCT | 6100 Kelvin | 6400 Kelvin | 6000 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.036 | 0.028 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 33700 µW/cm² = 337 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 33500 µW/cm² = 335 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 124 µW/cm² = 1.24 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 158 µW/cm² = 1.58 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 2910 µW/cm² = 29.1 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 124 µW/cm² = 1.24 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 245 µW/cm² = 2.45 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 2780 µW/cm² = 27.8 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 311 µW/cm² = 3.11 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 2750 µW/cm² = 27.5 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 2540 µW/cm² = 25.4 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 3560 µW/cm² = 35.6 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 2100 µW/cm² = 21 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 20200 µW/cm² = 202 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 26700 µW/cm² = 267 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 2960 µW/cm² = 29.6 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 27100 µW/cm² = 271 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 23500 µW/cm² = 235 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 6160 µW/cm² = 61.6 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 7010 µW/cm² = 70.1 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 754 µW/cm² = 7.54 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 4810 µW/cm² = 48.1 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 5390 µW/cm² = 53.9 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 6160 µW/cm² = 61.6 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 18.3 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 78.7 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 27.5 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.27 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.39 Vitamin D3 59.7 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 16500 µW/cm² Luminosity 63300 lx Human L-Cone 9420 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 7950 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 5170 µW/cm² CIE X 8470 µW/cm² CIE Y 8780 µW/cm² CIE Z 9270 µW/cm² PAR 109000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 273 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 1020 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 152000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 121 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1490000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 158 m²/mol L-Cone 7920 µW/cm² M-Cone 7980 µW/cm² S-Cone 9050 µW/cm² U-Cone 6900 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 20.6 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 7480 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 6230 µW/cm² (98.4 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 64.2 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 71500 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 41.2 µW/cm² Actinic UV 20.4 µW/cm² (3.22 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 147000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 185000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 21600 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 221 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 17.8 Leybold UVB 148 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 2080 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.118 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 360 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 44.4 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 73 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1290 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 2270 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 98.9 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.0278 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 55.8 IU/min UVX-31 497 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.11 µW/cm² IL UVA 2490 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 12.3 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 130 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 10.5) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 109 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 6.21 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 363 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 39.9 mW/cm² LS122 5.63 W/m² ISM400 299 W/m²