Spectrum 563: Elvidge2010_02 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Quartz Halogen Lamp 60 W |
| Lamp ID |
Elvidge2010_02 (01/2010) Elvidge CD, Keith DM, Tuttle BT, Baugh KE. Spectral identification of lighting type and character. Sensors (Basel). 2010;10(4):3961-88. doi: 10.3390/s100403961 |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Publication |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/May/2021 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
4/May/2021
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.46 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.63 ; 0.28 ) | ( 0.56 ; 0.27 ; 0.12 ) |
| CCT | 2700 Kelvin | 2700 Kelvin | 2700 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0012 | 0.0021 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 65700 µW/cm² = 657 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 11000 µW/cm² = 110 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 20.1 µW/cm² = 0.201 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 20.1 µW/cm² = 0.201 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 20.1 µW/cm² = 0.201 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 20.1 µW/cm² = 0.201 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 45.7 µW/cm² = 0.457 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 20.1 µW/cm² = 0.201 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 1800 µW/cm² = 18 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 4280 µW/cm² = 42.8 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 65.1 µW/cm² = 0.651 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 6960 µW/cm² = 69.6 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 4230 µW/cm² = 42.3 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 314 µW/cm² = 3.14 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 961 µW/cm² = 9.61 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 166 µW/cm² = 1.66 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 1370 µW/cm² = 13.7 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 4080 µW/cm² = 40.8 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 32700 µW/cm² = 327 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 28700 µW/cm² = 287 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.00484 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.00211 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0 µW/cm² DNA Damage 1.28E-5 Vitamin D3 0 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 3040 µW/cm² Luminosity 11100 lx Human L-Cone 1760 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1190 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 246 µW/cm² CIE X 1730 µW/cm² CIE Y 1550 µW/cm² CIE Z 478 µW/cm² PAR 21500000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 0 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 7.6 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 143 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0 m²/mol L-Cone 1670 µW/cm² M-Cone 814 µW/cm² S-Cone 357 µW/cm² U-Cone 124 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.00322 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 448 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 279 µW/cm² (25.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 8060 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.00322 µW/cm² (0.00289 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 0 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 0 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 8 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.166 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.00174 Leybold UVB 0 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 16.1 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.00168 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 7.73 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 15.9 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB -0.00137 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.00544 IU/min UVX-31 0.633 µW/cm² IL UVB 6.8E-5 µW/cm² IL UVA 20.3 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.000557 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.00553 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 9.93) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.00636 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.00742 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 331 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.451 mW/cm² LS122 383 W/m² ISM400 406 W/m²