After burning-in
Spectrum 531: BIO1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Biopod Biopod of Canada |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Biopod CCF "340nm" Prototype CCF tube |
| Lamp ID |
BIO1 (12/2016) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 110 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
3/Dec/2016 ; updated:
Frances Baines
3/Dec/2016
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 280.08 - 750.24 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.32 ) | ( 0.45 ; 0.48 ) | ( 0.32 ; 0.3 ; 0.32 ) |
| CCT | 5700 Kelvin | 4500 Kelvin | 4500 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.14 | 0.097 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 5510 µW/cm² = 55.1 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 5510 µW/cm² = 55.1 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 11.6 µW/cm² = 0.116 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 18.9 µW/cm² = 0.189 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 249 µW/cm² = 2.49 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 11.6 µW/cm² = 0.116 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 52.4 µW/cm² = 0.524 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 237 µW/cm² = 2.37 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 66.6 µW/cm² = 0.666 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 230 µW/cm² = 2.3 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 185 µW/cm² = 1.85 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 198 µW/cm² = 1.98 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 119 µW/cm² = 1.19 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 3470 µW/cm² = 34.7 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 5130 µW/cm² = 51.3 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 79.4 µW/cm² = 0.794 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 5260 µW/cm² = 52.6 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 4760 µW/cm² = 47.6 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 4980 µW/cm² = 49.8 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 5220 µW/cm² = 52.2 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 1350 µW/cm² = 13.5 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1490 µW/cm² = 14.9 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 182 µW/cm² = 1.82 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 1210 µW/cm² = 12.1 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 951 µW/cm² = 9.51 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 242 µW/cm² = 2.42 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 107 µW/cm² = 1.07 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.593 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 7.16 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.883 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0107 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.0371 Vitamin D3 2.46 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 3510 µW/cm² Luminosity 13900 lx Human L-Cone 2090 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1700 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 1120 µW/cm² CIE X 1990 µW/cm² CIE Y 1920 µW/cm² CIE Z 2160 µW/cm² PAR 23200000 mol photons Extinction preD3 20.4 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 74.2 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 10800 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 1.79 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 126000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 1.25 m²/mol L-Cone 1810 µW/cm² M-Cone 1690 µW/cm² S-Cone 1810 µW/cm² U-Cone 288 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.4 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 1520 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 1180 µW/cm² (85.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 2.69 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 13300 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 3.94 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.397 µW/cm² (0.286 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 3020 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1790 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 2500 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 26 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.738 Leybold UVB 17.8 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 174 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.000305 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 61.6 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 5.95 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 4.99 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 139 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 201 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 8.46 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.00539 µW/cm² Luxmeter 13900 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 2.31 IU/min UVX-31 73.6 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0127 µW/cm² IL UVA 198 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.64 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 18.8 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 29.4) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 9.57 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.586 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 58.7 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 2.71 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 43 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 2.19 W/m² ISM400_new 35.7 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 57 W/m²