Experimental Lamp - 340h use
Spectrum 497: ARC-U1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Arcadia UK company https://www.arcadiareptile.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
D3+ 10% Compact Reptile Lamp Research project c/o Oonincx et al 2012 |
| Lamp ID |
ARC-U1 (04/2014) Experimental Lamp |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 340 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
29/Apr/2014 ; updated:
Frances Baines
29/Apr/2014
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.31 ; 0.31 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.49 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.19 ; 0.37 ) |
| CCT | 6700 Kelvin | 9000 Kelvin | 6600 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.16 | 0.13 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 2080 µW/cm² = 20.8 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0.0319 µW/cm² = 0.000319 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 2080 µW/cm² = 20.8 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 115 µW/cm² = 1.15 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 188 µW/cm² = 1.88 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 875 µW/cm² = 8.75 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 115 µW/cm² = 1.15 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 333 µW/cm² = 3.33 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 760 µW/cm² = 7.6 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 356 µW/cm² = 3.56 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 687 µW/cm² = 6.87 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 427 µW/cm² = 4.27 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 338 µW/cm² = 3.38 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 175 µW/cm² = 1.75 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 1150 µW/cm² = 11.5 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1370 µW/cm² = 13.7 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 131 µW/cm² = 1.31 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1210 µW/cm² = 12.1 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1190 µW/cm² = 11.9 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 383 µW/cm² = 3.83 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 356 µW/cm² = 3.56 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 61.7 µW/cm² = 0.617 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 240 µW/cm² = 2.4 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 37.4 µW/cm² = 0.374 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 15.7 µW/cm² = 0.157 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 5.84 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 69.2 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 9.28 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.135 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.457 Vitamin D3 26 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 813 µW/cm² Luminosity 3580 lx Human L-Cone 534 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 448 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 338 µW/cm² CIE X 503 µW/cm² CIE Y 499 µW/cm² CIE Z 610 µW/cm² PAR 5920000 mol photons Extinction preD3 195 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 697 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 92900 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 20.7 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1020000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 16 m²/mol L-Cone 443 µW/cm² M-Cone 325 µW/cm² S-Cone 643 µW/cm² U-Cone 331 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 4.12 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 420 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 387 µW/cm² (108 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 28.5 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 3890 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 36 µW/cm² Actinic UV 4.09 µW/cm² (11.4 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 33000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 22000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 17400 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 230 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 7.52 Leybold UVB 163 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 489 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.00567 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 417 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 48.6 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 52.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 568 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 642 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 78.3 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.0565 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 23.5 IU/min UVX-31 452 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0972 µW/cm² IL UVA 541 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 6.44 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 158 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 24.5) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 95.2 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 5.48 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 15.1 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 6.87 mW/cm² LS122 0 W/m² ISM400 7.66 W/m²