Spectrum 490: BAH5 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
UV Metall Halide |
| Lamp ID |
BAH5 (02/2014) PAR30 4000K metal halide prototype |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | Osram Powertronic PTi 70 220-240I |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
25/Feb/2014 ; updated:
Frances Baines
25/Feb/2014
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.36 ; 0.37 ) | ( 0.32 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.31 ; 0.22 ; 0.24 ) |
| CCT | 4500 Kelvin | 7000 Kelvin | 5000 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0039 | 0.059 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 42100 µW/cm² = 421 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 42100 µW/cm² = 421 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 89.4 µW/cm² = 0.894 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 108 µW/cm² = 1.08 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 3470 µW/cm² = 34.7 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 89.4 µW/cm² = 0.894 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 279 µW/cm² = 2.79 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 3380 µW/cm² = 33.8 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 461 µW/cm² = 4.61 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 3370 µW/cm² = 33.7 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 3110 µW/cm² = 31.1 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 4810 µW/cm² = 48.1 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 2640 µW/cm² = 26.4 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 31800 µW/cm² = 318 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 37200 µW/cm² = 372 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 5250 µW/cm² = 52.5 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 35600 µW/cm² = 356 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 32200 µW/cm² = 322 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 32700 µW/cm² = 327 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 36700 µW/cm² = 367 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 7090 µW/cm² = 70.9 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 10900 µW/cm² = 109 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 1130 µW/cm² = 11.3 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 8740 µW/cm² = 87.4 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 2500 µW/cm² = 25 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 4010 µW/cm² = 40.1 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 3750 µW/cm² = 37.5 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 3.74 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 40.9 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 5.68 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0492 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.185 Vitamin D3 14.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 21500 µW/cm² Luminosity 109000 lx Human L-Cone 16500 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 13100 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 6160 µW/cm² CIE X 14800 µW/cm² CIE Y 15100 µW/cm² CIE Z 10900 µW/cm² PAR 159000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 114 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 401 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 63600 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 8.9 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 732000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 5.55 m²/mol L-Cone 14300 µW/cm² M-Cone 10300 µW/cm² S-Cone 11100 µW/cm² U-Cone 10900 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 2.46 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 9340 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 7410 µW/cm² (68.2 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 15.2 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 108000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 22.2 µW/cm² Actinic UV 2.42 µW/cm² (0.223 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 16200 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 8510 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 15100 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 149 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 4.28 Leybold UVB 101 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 2680 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.0011 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 371 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 31.1 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 29.9 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1470 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 2930 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 52.2 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC -0.0334 µW/cm² Luxmeter 112000 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 13.4 IU/min UVX-31 525 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0799 µW/cm² IL UVA 3150 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 3.72 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 96.2 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 25.8) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 62.8 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 4.09 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 425 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 54 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 4.61 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 312 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 17.5 W/m² ISM400_new 272 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 403 W/m²