Reptile Lamp Database

Spectrum 479: NP-HgXe Edit
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Full Spectrum

From Oriel Product Training,

Measurement

Brand other
other
Lamp Product Newport 6291 Hg(Xe) 200W
Lamp ID NP-HgXe (01/2013)
Spectrometer -
Ballast - no ballast or default/unknown ballast -
Reflector
Distance 0 cm
Age 0 hours
Originator (measurement) Publication
Database entry created: Sarina Wunderlich 23/Jan/2013 ; updated: Sarina Wunderlich 23/Jan/2013

Colorimetry

Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.

Spectrum in the visible wavelength range

Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).

From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338451, 511513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.

Human (CIE) 3 cone reptile 4 cone reptile
Cone Excitation
Colour Coordinate ( 0.34 ; 0.28 ) ( 0.23 ; 0.35 ) ( 0.21 ; 0.18 ; 0.28 )
CCT 4800 Kelvin 15000 Kelvin 8900 Kelvin
distance 0.028 0.061
colour space 3-D-graph not implemented yet

Vitamin D3 Analysis

Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.

This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.

Spectrum in the vitamin D3 active wavelength range

The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.

Effective Irradiances

Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.

The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula

To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).

The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists

  • range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
  • radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
then any Solarmeter 6.2 reading multiplied with 0.7 (0.7=13.8/19.6) is an estimate of UVB irradiance for this specific lamp. If you do so, always make sure, that the calculated (effective) irradiance is valid. The calculated value is not valid, if the lamp's spectrum is not measured in the relevant range.

Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 4450000 µW/cm² = 44500 W/m²
UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 44800 µW/cm² = 448 W/m²
non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 67200 µW/cm² = 672 W/m²
total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 2010000 µW/cm² = 20100 W/m²
UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 104000 µW/cm² = 1040 W/m²
UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 126000 µW/cm² = 1260 W/m²
UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 454000 µW/cm² = 4540 W/m²
Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 82000 µW/cm² = 820 W/m²
UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 98500 µW/cm² = 985 W/m²
UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 349000 µW/cm² = 3490 W/m²
UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 132000 µW/cm² = 1320 W/m²
UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 328000 µW/cm² = 3280 W/m²
UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 251000 µW/cm² = 2510 W/m²
UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 342000 µW/cm² = 3420 W/m²
vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 110000 µW/cm² = 1100 W/m²
VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 946000 µW/cm² = 9460 W/m²
VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1190000 µW/cm² = 11900 W/m²
purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 282000 µW/cm² = 2820 W/m²
VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1230000 µW/cm² = 12300 W/m²
PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 936000 µW/cm² = 9360 W/m²
blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 277000 µW/cm² = 2770 W/m²
green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 145000 µW/cm² = 1450 W/m²
yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 104000 µW/cm² = 1040 W/m²
orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 188000 µW/cm² = 1880 W/m²
red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 237000 µW/cm² = 2370 W/m²
IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 1760000 µW/cm² = 17600 W/m²
IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 1110000 µW/cm² = 11100 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 37000 UV-Index
Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 66300 µW/cm²
Photoceratitis 46800 µW/cm²
Photoconjunctivitis 38400 µW/cm²
DNA Damage 49900
Vitamin D3 72200 µW/cm²
Photosynthesis 669000 µW/cm²
Luminosity 2250000 lx
Human L-Cone 349000 µW/cm²
Human M-Cone 257000 µW/cm²
Human S-Cone 234000 µW/cm²
CIE X 380000 µW/cm²
CIE Y 307000 µW/cm²
CIE Z 427000 µW/cm²
PAR 4780000000 mol photons
Extinction preD3 646000 e-3*m²/mol
Extinction Tachysterol 1810000 e-3*m²/mol
Exctincition PreD3 527000000 m²/mol
Extinction Lumisterol 518000 m²/mol
Exctincition Tachysterol 2320000000 m²/mol
Extinction 7DHC 619000 m²/mol
L-Cone 312000 µW/cm²
M-Cone 266000 µW/cm²
S-Cone 416000 µW/cm²
U-Cone 500000 µW/cm²
UVR - ICNIRP 2004 65400 Rel Biol Eff
Melatonin Supression 337000 µW/cm²
Blue Light Hazard 263000 µW/cm² (117 µW/cm² per 1000 lx)
CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 76000 µW/cm²
Lumen Reptil 3240000 "pseudo-lx"
Vitamin D3 Degradation 55600 µW/cm²
Actinic UV 64800 µW/cm² (287 mW/klm)
Exctincition Lumisterol 579000000 m²/mol
Exctincition 7DHC 669000000 m²/mol
Exctincition Toxisterols 140000000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 206000 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 26700
Leybold UVB 98100 µW/cm²
Leybold UVA 274000 µW/cm²
Leybold UVC 26400 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVB 174000 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVC 57100 µW/cm²
Vernier UVB 67100 µW/cm²
Vernier UVA 229000 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVA 307000 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVB 100000 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVC 31900 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 83600 IU/min
UVX-31 208000 µW/cm²
IL UVB 90.6 µW/cm²
IL UVA 283000 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 17600 UV-Index
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 88900 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 5.04)
Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 109000 UV Index
GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 6570 UV-Index
Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 32200 W/m²
Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 4320 mW/cm²
LS122 64600 W/m²
ISM400 33000 W/m²