Fit to spectrum id 428
y = exp( -3.18E-10*x^4 + 8.16E-07*x^3 - 7.92E-04*x^2 + 3.50E-01*x - 5.84E+01)
// y = 3.2e-7 (x-290nm)³ + 2.7e-6 (x-290nm)² for larger wavelength
// log10(y) = -12 + 0,038x - 0,00002x² for shorter wavelength
Spectrum 458: BNT1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Namiba Terra Namiba Terra GmbH http://www.namibaterra.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Crystal Sun Halogen Lamp Crystal Sun 50W R65 Spot Halogen Lamp |
| Lamp ID |
BNT1 (01/2012) 50W R65 Spot Halogen Lamp |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 1 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
22/Jan/2012 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
22/Jan/2012
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.46 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.65 ; 0.27 ) | ( 0.57 ; 0.28 ; 0.12 ) |
| CCT | 2700 Kelvin | 2500 Kelvin | 2700 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0075 | 0.0088 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 2770 µW/cm² = 27.7 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0.0216 µW/cm² = 0.000216 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 2770 µW/cm² = 27.7 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.222 µW/cm² = 0.00222 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.305 µW/cm² = 0.00305 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 6.1 µW/cm² = 0.061 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.2 µW/cm² = 0.002 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0.524 µW/cm² = 0.00524 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 5.88 µW/cm² = 0.0588 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0.681 µW/cm² = 0.00681 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 5.79 µW/cm² = 0.0579 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 5.35 µW/cm² = 0.0535 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 11.7 µW/cm² = 0.117 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 4.46 µW/cm² = 0.0446 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 587 µW/cm² = 5.87 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1450 µW/cm² = 14.5 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 18.1 µW/cm² = 0.181 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 2480 µW/cm² = 24.8 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1430 µW/cm² = 14.3 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 102 µW/cm² = 1.02 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 319 µW/cm² = 3.19 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 54.1 µW/cm² = 0.541 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 458 µW/cm² = 4.58 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 1530 µW/cm² = 15.3 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 1320 µW/cm² = 13.2 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.0378 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.136 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.0584 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.0056 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.0149 Vitamin D3 0.111 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1040 µW/cm² Luminosity 3680 lx Human L-Cone 583 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 393 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 79.4 µW/cm² CIE X 573 µW/cm² CIE Y 512 µW/cm² CIE Z 155 µW/cm² PAR 7310000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0.56 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 2.09 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 338 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0.301 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 3030 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0.385 m²/mol L-Cone 555 µW/cm² M-Cone 271 µW/cm² S-Cone 113 µW/cm² U-Cone 32.3 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.0473 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 147 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 89.9 µW/cm² (24.4 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0.117 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2650 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.0824 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.0469 µW/cm² (0.127 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 363 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 455 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 43.5 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.445 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.035 Leybold UVB 0.266 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 4.67 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.000215 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.719 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.0847 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.13 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2.55 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 4.71 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.187 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.00114 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.109 IU/min UVX-31 0.95 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.000213 µW/cm² IL UVA 5.58 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.023 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.247 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 10.7) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.197 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.0125 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 38.6 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.12 mW/cm² LS122 0 W/m² ISM400 39.9 W/m²