Reptile Lamp Database

Spectrum 430: SUN Edit
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Full Spectrum

2010-05-23; 12:59 (solar altitude 58.7)
direct sun

Measurement

Brand other
other
Lamp Product Sun
Direct sunlight
Lamp ID SUN (01/2000)
Spectrometer USB2000+ (2)
Ballast - no ballast or default/unknown ballast -
Reflector
Distance 0 cm
Age 0 hours
Originator (measurement) Frances Baines
Database entry created: Sarina Wunderlich 12/Jan/2012 ; updated: Sarina Wunderlich 12/Jan/2012

Colorimetry

Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.

Spectrum in the visible wavelength range

Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).

From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338451, 511513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.

Human (CIE) 3 cone reptile 4 cone reptile
Cone Excitation
Colour Coordinate ( 0.32 ; 0.31 ) ( 0.4 ; 0.4 ) ( 0.26 ; 0.29 ; 0.29 )
CCT 6200 Kelvin 5000 Kelvin 5400 Kelvin
distance 0.055 0.047
colour space 3-D-graph not implemented yet

Vitamin D3 Analysis

Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.

This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.

Spectrum in the vitamin D3 active wavelength range

The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.

Effective Irradiances

Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.

The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula

To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).

The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists

  • range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
  • radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
then any Solarmeter 6.2 reading multiplied with 0.7 (0.7=13.8/19.6) is an estimate of UVB irradiance for this specific lamp. If you do so, always make sure, that the calculated (effective) irradiance is valid. The calculated value is not valid, if the lamp's spectrum is not measured in the relevant range.

Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 65500 µW/cm² = 655 W/m²
UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 65400 µW/cm² = 654 W/m²
UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 89.1 µW/cm² = 0.891 W/m²
UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 172 µW/cm² = 1.72 W/m²
UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 3120 µW/cm² = 31.2 W/m²
Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 89.1 µW/cm² = 0.891 W/m²
UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 563 µW/cm² = 5.63 W/m²
UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 3030 µW/cm² = 30.3 W/m²
UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 680 µW/cm² = 6.8 W/m²
UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 2950 µW/cm² = 29.5 W/m²
UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 2470 µW/cm² = 24.7 W/m²
UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 3730 µW/cm² = 37.3 W/m²
vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 1840 µW/cm² = 18.4 W/m²
VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 34000 µW/cm² = 340 W/m²
VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 47700 µW/cm² = 477 W/m²
purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 4200 µW/cm² = 42 W/m²
VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 53900 µW/cm² = 539 W/m²
PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 44400 µW/cm² = 444 W/m²
blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 12000 µW/cm² = 120 W/m²
green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 12300 µW/cm² = 123 W/m²
yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 1450 µW/cm² = 14.5 W/m²
orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 9420 µW/cm² = 94.2 W/m²
red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 14400 µW/cm² = 144 W/m²
IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 16500 µW/cm² = 165 W/m²
IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 4.77 UV-Index
Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 62.2 µW/cm²
Photoceratitis 6.49 µW/cm²
Photoconjunctivitis 0.0767 µW/cm²
DNA Damage 0.248
Vitamin D3 18.5 µW/cm²
Photosynthesis 32100 µW/cm²
Luminosity 113000 lx
Human L-Cone 16900 µW/cm²
Human M-Cone 14000 µW/cm²
Human S-Cone 9730 µW/cm²
CIE X 15800 µW/cm²
CIE Y 15500 µW/cm²
CIE Z 18100 µW/cm²
PAR 209000000 mol photons
Extinction preD3 181 e-3*m²/mol
Extinction Tachysterol 670 e-3*m²/mol
Exctincition PreD3 97900 m²/mol
Extinction Lumisterol 12 m²/mol
Exctincition Tachysterol 1170000 m²/mol
Extinction 7DHC 7.23 m²/mol
L-Cone 14400 µW/cm²
M-Cone 16000 µW/cm²
S-Cone 16000 µW/cm²
U-Cone 8320 µW/cm²
UVR - ICNIRP 2004 2.92 Rel Biol Eff
Melatonin Supression 14500 µW/cm²
Blue Light Hazard 11100 µW/cm² (98.8 µW/cm² per 1000 lx)
CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 20.3 µW/cm²
Lumen Reptil 126000 "pseudo-lx"
Vitamin D3 Degradation 36.3 µW/cm²
Actinic UV 2.93 µW/cm² (0.26 mW/klm)
Exctincition Lumisterol 22200 m²/mol
Exctincition 7DHC 10800 m²/mol
Exctincition Toxisterols 24300 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 254 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 5.85
Leybold UVB 164 µW/cm²
Leybold UVA 2220 µW/cm²
Leybold UVC 0.00203 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVB 618 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVC 59.7 µW/cm²
Vernier UVB 41 µW/cm²
Vernier UVA 1580 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVA 2470 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVB 73.1 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVC -0.0488 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 18.3 IU/min
UVX-31 743 µW/cm²
IL UVB 0.123 µW/cm²
IL UVA 2610 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 5.13 UV-Index
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 186 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 36.2)
Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 79.1 UV Index
GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 5.42 UV-Index
Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 756 W/m²
Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 44.2 mW/cm²
LS122 37.3 W/m²
ISM400 668 W/m²