R65 Spot Halogen Lamp
Spectrum 428: BNT1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Namiba Terra Namiba Terra GmbH http://www.namibaterra.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Crystal Sun Halogen Lamp Crystal Sun 50W R65 Spot Halogen Lamp |
| Lamp ID |
BNT1 (01/2012) 50W R65 Spot Halogen Lamp |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 1 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
8/Jan/2012 ; updated:
Frances Baines
8/Jan/2012
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.46 ; 0.41 ) | ( 0.64 ; 0.28 ) | ( 0.57 ; 0.27 ; 0.12 ) |
| CCT | 2600 Kelvin | 2600 Kelvin | 2600 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.0096 | 0.0037 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 2770 µW/cm² = 27.7 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0.0392 µW/cm² = 0.000392 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 2770 µW/cm² = 27.7 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0.178 µW/cm² = 0.00178 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0.255 µW/cm² = 0.00255 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 5.94 µW/cm² = 0.0594 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0.139 µW/cm² = 0.00139 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0.336 µW/cm² = 0.00336 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 5.77 µW/cm² = 0.0577 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0.448 µW/cm² = 0.00448 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 5.69 µW/cm² = 0.0569 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 5.43 µW/cm² = 0.0543 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 12.1 µW/cm² = 0.121 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 4.67 µW/cm² = 0.0467 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 581 µW/cm² = 5.81 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1450 µW/cm² = 14.5 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 18.9 µW/cm² = 0.189 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 2470 µW/cm² = 24.7 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1440 µW/cm² = 14.4 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 104 µW/cm² = 1.04 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 309 µW/cm² = 3.09 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 54.4 µW/cm² = 0.544 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 465 µW/cm² = 4.65 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 1520 µW/cm² = 15.2 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 1320 µW/cm² = 13.2 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 0.0343 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 0.0935 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 0.0561 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 0.00983 µW/cm² DNA Damage 0.0228 Vitamin D3 0.0863 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1050 µW/cm² Luminosity 3660 lx Human L-Cone 582 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 387 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 80.4 µW/cm² CIE X 578 µW/cm² CIE Y 509 µW/cm² CIE Z 157 µW/cm² PAR 7350000 mol photons Extinction preD3 0.516 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 1.91 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 349 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 0.365 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 2720 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 0.481 m²/mol L-Cone 556 µW/cm² M-Cone 263 µW/cm² S-Cone 116 µW/cm² U-Cone 33.7 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 0.0509 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 146 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 91.1 µW/cm² (24.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 0.0905 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2640 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 0.0717 µW/cm² Actinic UV 0.0507 µW/cm² (0.138 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 436 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 562 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 38.3 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.35 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.0305 Leybold UVB 0.182 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 4.64 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0.000235 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0.5 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0.0626 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0.0954 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2.34 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 4.62 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0.15 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0.00295 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.0954 IU/min UVX-31 0.725 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.000167 µW/cm² IL UVA 5.59 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.0185 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.171 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 9.21) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.151 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.0104 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 38.6 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.123 mW/cm² LS122 0 W/m² ISM400 39.9 W/m²