Startup Phase 4
Spectrum 424: SW-hci1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Osram Osram GmbH http://www.osram.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Powerball HCI T 70W / NDL 942 |
| Lamp ID |
SW-hci1 (01/2004) |
| Spectrometer | QE65000 |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
28/Dec/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Jul/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.42 ; 0.42 ) | ( 0.58 ; 0.33 ) | ( 0.5 ; 0.29 ; 0.16 ) |
| CCT | 3400 Kelvin | 3000 Kelvin | 3000 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.031 | 0.015 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1520000 µW/cm² = 15200 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 173 µW/cm² = 1.73 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 191 µW/cm² = 1.91 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1490000 µW/cm² = 14900 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 112 µW/cm² = 1.12 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 130 µW/cm² = 1.3 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 7380 µW/cm² = 73.8 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 92.2 µW/cm² = 0.922 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 187 µW/cm² = 1.87 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 7270 µW/cm² = 72.7 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 262 µW/cm² = 2.62 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 7250 µW/cm² = 72.5 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 7080 µW/cm² = 70.8 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 15900 µW/cm² = 159 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 6530 µW/cm² = 65.3 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 766000 µW/cm² = 7660 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1250000 µW/cm² = 12500 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 33700 µW/cm² = 337 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1380000 µW/cm² = 13800 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1230000 µW/cm² = 12300 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 151000 µW/cm² = 1510 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 387000 µW/cm² = 3870 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 50700 µW/cm² = 507 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 430000 µW/cm² = 4300 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 323000 µW/cm² = 3230 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 275000 µW/cm² = 2750 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 61.7 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 56.5 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 74.6 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 110 µW/cm² DNA Damage 150 Vitamin D3 82 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 804000 µW/cm² Luminosity 4160000 lx Human L-Cone 643000 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 476000 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 121000 µW/cm² CIE X 586000 µW/cm² CIE Y 580000 µW/cm² CIE Z 230000 µW/cm² PAR 5970000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 1440 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 3080 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 1110000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 1070 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 3810000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 1190 m²/mol L-Cone 575000 µW/cm² M-Cone 335000 µW/cm² S-Cone 189000 µW/cm² U-Cone 52100 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 121 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 202000 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 140000 µW/cm² (33.6 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 84.6 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 3060000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 79.9 µW/cm² Actinic UV 121 µW/cm² (0.291 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 1010000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1180000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 588000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 348 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 35.4 Leybold UVB 108 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 5850 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 81.2 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 305 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 143 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 75.7 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2780 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 5940 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 117 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 89.9 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 111 IU/min UVX-31 569 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.148 µW/cm² IL UVA 7100 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 22.4 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 135 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 6.04) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 128 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 11.8 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 18800 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 155 mW/cm² LS122 244 W/m² ISM400 16500 W/m²