Reptile Lamp Database

Spectrum 423: SW-hci1 Edit
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Full Spectrum

Startup Phase 3: some more seconds

Measurement

Brand Osram
Osram GmbH http://www.osram.de/
Lamp Product Powerball HCI T 70W / NDL 942
Lamp ID SW-hci1 (01/2004)
Spectrometer QE65000
Ballast 70W EVG
Reflector
Distance 0 cm
Age 0 hours
Originator (measurement) Sarina Wunderlich
Database entry created: Sarina Wunderlich 28/Dec/2011 ; updated: Sarina Wunderlich 25/Jul/2023

Colorimetry

Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.

Spectrum in the visible wavelength range

Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).

From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338451, 511513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.

Human (CIE) 3 cone reptile 4 cone reptile
Cone Excitation
Colour Coordinate ( 0.39 ; 0.42 ) ( 0.52 ; 0.35 ) ( 0.45 ; 0.28 ; 0.19 )
CCT 4000 Kelvin 3500 Kelvin 3300 Kelvin
distance 0.029 0.021
colour space 3-D-graph not implemented yet

Vitamin D3 Analysis

Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.

This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.

Spectrum in the vitamin D3 active wavelength range

The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.

Effective Irradiances

Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.

The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula

To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).

The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists

  • range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
  • radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
then any Solarmeter 6.2 reading multiplied with 0.7 (0.7=13.8/19.6) is an estimate of UVB irradiance for this specific lamp. If you do so, always make sure, that the calculated (effective) irradiance is valid. The calculated value is not valid, if the lamp's spectrum is not measured in the relevant range.

Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 1260000 µW/cm² = 12600 W/m²
UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 171 µW/cm² = 1.71 W/m²
non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 192 µW/cm² = 1.92 W/m²
total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 1230000 µW/cm² = 12300 W/m²
UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 125 µW/cm² = 1.25 W/m²
UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 153 µW/cm² = 1.53 W/m²
UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 11900 µW/cm² = 119 W/m²
Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 104 µW/cm² = 1.04 W/m²
UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 258 µW/cm² = 2.58 W/m²
UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 11800 µW/cm² = 118 W/m²
UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 360 µW/cm² = 3.6 W/m²
UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 11800 µW/cm² = 118 W/m²
UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 11500 µW/cm² = 115 W/m²
UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 25700 µW/cm² = 257 W/m²
vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 10700 µW/cm² = 107 W/m²
VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 739000 µW/cm² = 7390 W/m²
VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 1060000 µW/cm² = 10600 W/m²
purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 51600 µW/cm² = 516 W/m²
VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 1140000 µW/cm² = 11400 W/m²
PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 1030000 µW/cm² = 10300 W/m²
blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 146000 µW/cm² = 1460 W/m²
green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 357000 µW/cm² = 3570 W/m²
yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 41000 µW/cm² = 410 W/m²
orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 324000 µW/cm² = 3240 W/m²
red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 216000 µW/cm² = 2160 W/m²
IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 200000 µW/cm² = 2000 W/m²
IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 66.7 UV-Index
Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 66.2 µW/cm²
Photoceratitis 77.2 µW/cm²
Photoconjunctivitis 113 µW/cm²
DNA Damage 152
Vitamin D3 86.2 µW/cm²
Photosynthesis 660000 µW/cm²
Luminosity 3660000 lx
Human L-Cone 556000 µW/cm²
Human M-Cone 437000 µW/cm²
Human S-Cone 123000 µW/cm²
CIE X 478000 µW/cm²
CIE Y 512000 µW/cm²
CIE Z 227000 µW/cm²
PAR 4920000000 mol photons
Extinction preD3 1490 e-3*m²/mol
Extinction Tachysterol 3230 e-3*m²/mol
Exctincition PreD3 1150000 m²/mol
Extinction Lumisterol 1100 m²/mol
Exctincition Tachysterol 4110000 m²/mol
Extinction 7DHC 1250 m²/mol
L-Cone 482000 µW/cm²
M-Cone 304000 µW/cm²
S-Cone 206000 µW/cm²
U-Cone 80400 µW/cm²
UVR - ICNIRP 2004 126 Rel Biol Eff
Melatonin Supression 195000 µW/cm²
Blue Light Hazard 147000 µW/cm² (40.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx)
CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 89.8 µW/cm²
Lumen Reptil 2780000 "pseudo-lx"
Vitamin D3 Degradation 82.9 µW/cm²
Actinic UV 125 µW/cm² (0.343 mW/klm)
Exctincition Lumisterol 1040000 m²/mol
Exctincition 7DHC 1240000 m²/mol
Exctincition Toxisterols 608000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 416 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 36.4
Leybold UVB 126 µW/cm²
Leybold UVA 9420 µW/cm²
Leybold UVC 84.8 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVB 396 µW/cm²
DeltaOhm UVC 153 µW/cm²
Vernier UVB 85.9 µW/cm²
Vernier UVA 4390 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVA 9490 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVB 129 µW/cm²
Gröbel UVC 92.8 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 114 IU/min
UVX-31 812 µW/cm²
IL UVB 0.18 µW/cm²
IL UVA 11500 µW/cm²
Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 23.9 UV-Index
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 157 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 6.56)
Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 139 UV Index
GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 14.1 UV-Index
Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 14900 W/m²
Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 253 mW/cm²
LS122 789 W/m²
ISM400 12600 W/m²