Startup-Phase 2: some more seconds burning
Spectrum 422: SW-hci1 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Osram Osram GmbH http://www.osram.de/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Powerball HCI T 70W / NDL 942 |
| Lamp ID |
SW-hci1 (01/2004) |
| Spectrometer | QE65000 |
| Ballast | 70W EVG |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
28/Dec/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
25/Jul/2023
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.34 ; 0.44 ) | ( 0.43 ; 0.37 ) | ( 0.38 ; 0.27 ; 0.23 ) |
| CCT | 5300 Kelvin | 4500 Kelvin | 3900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.036 | 0.037 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 844000 µW/cm² = 8440 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 152 µW/cm² = 1.52 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 174 µW/cm² = 1.74 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 817000 µW/cm² = 8170 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 122 µW/cm² = 1.22 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 153 µW/cm² = 1.53 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 17700 µW/cm² = 177 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 99.4 µW/cm² = 0.994 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 313 µW/cm² = 3.13 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 17500 µW/cm² = 175 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 450 µW/cm² = 4.5 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 17500 µW/cm² = 175 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 17200 µW/cm² = 172 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 33900 µW/cm² = 339 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 16100 µW/cm² = 161 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 600000 µW/cm² = 6000 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 721000 µW/cm² = 7210 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 60200 µW/cm² = 602 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 755000 µW/cm² = 7550 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 688000 µW/cm² = 6880 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 116000 µW/cm² = 1160 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 288000 µW/cm² = 2880 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 42400 µW/cm² = 424 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 144000 µW/cm² = 1440 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 104000 µW/cm² = 1040 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 122000 µW/cm² = 1220 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 62.8 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 65.8 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 74.9 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 108 µW/cm² DNA Damage 144 Vitamin D3 81.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 423000 µW/cm² Luminosity 2660000 lx Human L-Cone 390000 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 346000 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 105000 µW/cm² CIE X 291000 µW/cm² CIE Y 377000 µW/cm² CIE Z 187000 µW/cm² PAR 3220000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 1430 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 3120 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 1110000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 1050 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 4050000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 1160 m²/mol L-Cone 320000 µW/cm² M-Cone 222000 µW/cm² S-Cone 192000 µW/cm² U-Cone 102000 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 120 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 153000 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 129000 µW/cm² (48.6 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 83.7 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 2090000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 89.3 µW/cm² Actinic UV 120 µW/cm² (0.45 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 1010000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 1160000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 562000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 452 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 37.4 Leybold UVB 132 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 13000 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 79.9 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 464 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 147 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 78.4 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 6010 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 13300 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 127 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 87.7 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 117 IU/min UVX-31 1020 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.201 µW/cm² IL UVA 16400 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 22.8 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 169 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 7.41) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 144 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 15.3 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 9430 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 347 mW/cm² LS122 154 W/m² ISM400 7540 W/m²