Spectrum #40 BGE2 (GE Reptilegrow 18W) Edit
Delete(1) Raw Measurement
| Lampid | BGE2 |
|---|---|
| Spectrometer | USB 2000 |
| Originator | Frances Baines |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | - no reflector - |
| Distance | 10 |
| Age | 105 |
created by Sarina Wunderlich, 03.03.2010; last updated by Sarina Wunderlich, 09.10.2011
Description
(2) Comparison of full spectrum to sunlight
The spectrum is compared to the ASTM spectrum. The measured spectrum is scaled to a lux or UVI value that seems to "make sense" to the database. This can go wrong, depending on the quality and range of the data.
(3) Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (ASTM spectrum).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.31 ; 0.32 ) | ( 0.37 ; 0.45 ) | ( 0.27 ; 0.27 ; 0.33 ) |
| CCT | 6800 Kelvin | 5600 Kelvin | 5500 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.11 | 0.081 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
(4) Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the readings of two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
(5) Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
(5a) Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 643 µW/cm² = 6.43 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 1.28 µW/cm² = 0.0128 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 1.6 µW/cm² = 0.016 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 643 µW/cm² = 6.43 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 8.16 µW/cm² = 0.0816 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 14.7 µW/cm² = 0.147 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 119 µW/cm² = 1.19 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 7.84 µW/cm² = 0.0784 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 36.9 µW/cm² = 0.369 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 111 µW/cm² = 1.11 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 45.7 µW/cm² = 0.457 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 105 µW/cm² = 1.05 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 74.3 µW/cm² = 0.743 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 65.8 µW/cm² = 0.658 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 31.6 µW/cm² = 0.316 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 409 µW/cm² = 4.09 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 525 µW/cm² = 5.25 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 37.6 µW/cm² = 0.376 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 522 µW/cm² = 5.22 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 471 µW/cm² = 4.71 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 486 µW/cm² = 4.86 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 515 µW/cm² = 5.15 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 139 µW/cm² = 1.39 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 156 µW/cm² = 1.56 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 22.2 µW/cm² = 0.222 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 91.4 µW/cm² = 0.914 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 75.4 µW/cm² = 0.754 W/m² IR2 ( 655 nm - 685 nm) 29.7 µW/cm² = 0.297 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 28.8 µW/cm² = 0.288 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
(5b) Actionspectra
Erythema 1.17 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 5.25 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 1.39 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 1.2 µW/cm² DNA Damage 1.4 Vitamin D3 2.44 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 339 µW/cm² Luminosity 1370 lx Human L-Cone 203 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 175 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 118 µW/cm² CIE X 182 µW/cm² CIE Y 191 µW/cm² CIE Z 217 µW/cm² PAR PPFD 23.3 µmol/m²/s Extinction preD3 28 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 82.8 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 20200 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 12.7 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 125000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 14.6 m²/mol L-Cone 169 µW/cm² M-Cone 167 µW/cm² S-Cone 208 µW/cm² U-Cone 82.4 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 1.6 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 161 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 133 µW/cm² (96.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 2.59 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 1440 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 3.38 µW/cm² Actinic UV 1.6 µW/cm² (11.6 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 14300 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 15500 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 7720 m²/mol
(5c) Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 20.7 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.807 Leybold UVB 13 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 80.3 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 1.02 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 43.7 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 5.53 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 3.79 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 76.9 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 95.7 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 6.73 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 1.05 µW/cm² Luxmeter 1410 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 2.52 IU/min UVX-31 49.7 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.00951 µW/cm² IL UVA 85.8 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0.669 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 14.1 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 21.1) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 7.39 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.479 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 5.9 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 1.12 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 3.88 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.185 W/m² ISM400_new 3.18 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 5.41 W/m²
(5d) Summary of my favourites
| UVC (0nm -280nm) [µW/cm] | 1.28 | 0.2 % |
| non-terrestrial (0nm -290nm) [µW/cm] | 1.6 | 0.25 % |
| UVB (EU) (280nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 8.16 | 1.27 % |
| UVB (US) (280nm -320nm) [µW/cm] | 14.7 | 2.29 % |
| Solar UVB (290nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 7.84 | 1.22 % |
| UVA (EU) (315nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 111 | 17.3 % |
| UVA (US) (320nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 105 | 16.3 % |
| UVA2 (medical definition) (320nm -340nm) [µW/cm] | 45.7 | 7.11 % |
| UVA1 (medical) (340nm -400nm) [µW/cm] | 65.8 | 10.2 % |
| UVA D3 regulating (315nm -335nm) [µW/cm] | 36.9 | 5.75 % |
| vis. UVA (350nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 31.6 | 4.91 % |
| VIS (380nm -780nm) [µW/cm] | 522 | 81.2 % |
| blue (420nm -490nm) [µW/cm] | 139 | 21.7 % |
| total2 (250nm -880nm) [µW/cm] | 643 | 100 % |
| Erythema [UV-Index] | 1.17 | |
| Luminosity [lx] | 1370 | |
| Blue Light Hazard [µW/cm²] | 133 | 96.9µW/cm/1000lx |
| Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) [UV-Index] | 0.669 | |
| Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) [µW/cm²] | 14.1 | |
| Actinic UV [µW/cm²] | 1.6 | 10.4 at UVI7.6 |
| Vitamin D3 [µW/cm²] | 2.44 | 15.9 at UVI7.6 |