with Schott Borofloat 33 borosilicate glass 3.8mm thickness
Spectrum 366: BEX6 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
unknown China |
| Lamp ID |
BEX6 (02/2009) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
31/Jan/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
27/Feb/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.29 ; 0.34 ) | ( 0.25 ; 0.22 ; 0.25 ) |
| CCT | 5600 Kelvin | 8100 Kelvin | 6300 Kelvin |
| distance | 6.1E-5 | 0.043 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 5380 µW/cm² = 53.8 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 2.38 µW/cm² = 0.0238 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 5.03 µW/cm² = 0.0503 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 5380 µW/cm² = 53.8 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 100 µW/cm² = 1 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 110 µW/cm² = 1.1 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 845 µW/cm² = 8.45 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 97.5 µW/cm² = 0.975 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 84.6 µW/cm² = 0.846 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 745 µW/cm² = 7.45 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 134 µW/cm² = 1.34 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 735 µW/cm² = 7.35 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 660 µW/cm² = 6.6 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 840 µW/cm² = 8.4 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 536 µW/cm² = 5.36 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 4260 µW/cm² = 42.6 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 4760 µW/cm² = 47.6 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 743 µW/cm² = 7.43 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 4330 µW/cm² = 43.3 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 3990 µW/cm² = 39.9 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 1010 µW/cm² = 10.1 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1360 µW/cm² = 13.6 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 165 µW/cm² = 1.65 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 815 µW/cm² = 8.15 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 232 µW/cm² = 2.32 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 308 µW/cm² = 3.08 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 11 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 49 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 15.8 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 2.78 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.57 Vitamin D3 35.1 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 2670 µW/cm² Luminosity 12500 lx Human L-Cone 1860 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1570 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 875 µW/cm² CIE X 1610 µW/cm² CIE Y 1740 µW/cm² CIE Z 1550 µW/cm² PAR 19300000 mol photons Extinction preD3 182 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 617 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 105000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 79.8 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 838000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 94.5 m²/mol L-Cone 1570 µW/cm² M-Cone 1380 µW/cm² S-Cone 1590 µW/cm² U-Cone 1720 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 12.7 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 1320 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 1060 µW/cm² (85.1 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 37.4 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 13900 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 25.4 µW/cm² Actinic UV 12.5 µW/cm² (10 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 95400 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 111000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 18700 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 128 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 10.4 Leybold UVB 94.1 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 572 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 1.66 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 173 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 24.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 44.9 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 393 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 660 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 62.6 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 1.88 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 32.5 IU/min UVX-31 214 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0585 µW/cm² IL UVA 678 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 7.46 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 70.5 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 9.45) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 74.5 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 3.96 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 48.9 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 10.4 mW/cm² LS122 0.12 W/m² ISM400 31.9 W/m²