Meter readings:
UVB 565 - 569μWatt/cm² (actual 469.7)
UVI 17.8 - 18.0
UVA+B 1159 - 1161μWatt/cm² (actual 2322; 2154 with only 50% of UVB)
UVC 001μWatt/cm² constant with filter
Lux 8,000 (actual 7,229)
Spectrum 350: BZ18 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Zoo Med Zoo Med Laboratories, Inc http://www.zoomed.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
ReptiSun 10.0 T8 18W |
| Lamp ID |
BZ18 (12/2009) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 3,750 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
10/Jan/2011 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
27/Feb/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.27 ; 0.28 ) | ( 0.33 ; 0.44 ) | ( 0.2 ; 0.27 ; 0.35 ) |
| CCT | 12000 Kelvin | 6400 Kelvin | 7200 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.094 | 0.081 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 6120 µW/cm² = 61.2 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 3.94 µW/cm² = 0.0394 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 6.36 µW/cm² = 0.0636 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 6120 µW/cm² = 61.2 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 275 µW/cm² = 2.75 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 449 µW/cm² = 4.49 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 2250 µW/cm² = 22.5 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 273 µW/cm² = 2.73 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 770 µW/cm² = 7.7 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 1970 µW/cm² = 19.7 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 832 µW/cm² = 8.32 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 1800 µW/cm² = 18 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 1200 µW/cm² = 12 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 1040 µW/cm² = 10.4 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 559 µW/cm² = 5.59 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 3420 µW/cm² = 34.2 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 4170 µW/cm² = 41.7 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 282 µW/cm² = 2.82 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 3790 µW/cm² = 37.9 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 3540 µW/cm² = 35.4 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 1270 µW/cm² = 12.7 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1050 µW/cm² = 10.5 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 124 µW/cm² = 1.24 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 559 µW/cm² = 5.59 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 494 µW/cm² = 4.94 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 256 µW/cm² = 2.56 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 17.9 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 168 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 27.1 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 4 µW/cm² DNA Damage 5.97 Vitamin D3 69.2 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 2580 µW/cm² Luminosity 8870 lx Human L-Cone 1290 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1170 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 1050 µW/cm² CIE X 1200 µW/cm² CIE Y 1220 µW/cm² CIE Z 1960 µW/cm² PAR 16700000 mol photons Extinction preD3 518 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 1810 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 269000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 103 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 2630000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 105 m²/mol L-Cone 1050 µW/cm² M-Cone 1390 µW/cm² S-Cone 1820 µW/cm² U-Cone 961 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 16.7 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 1420 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 1180 µW/cm² (133 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 75.6 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 11200 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 89.3 µW/cm² Actinic UV 16.6 µW/cm² (18.7 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 138000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 125000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 54000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 552 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 20.6 Leybold UVB 388 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 1310 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 2.54 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 981 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 117 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 130 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 1410 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 1670 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 193 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 2.85 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 64.4 IU/min UVX-31 1080 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.235 µW/cm² IL UVA 1450 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 17 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 373 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 21.9) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 232 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 13.4 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 48.4 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 18.6 mW/cm² LS122 0.0375 W/m² ISM400 28.5 W/m²