Spectrum 347: BSR2 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Econlux/Terra-Solutions Econlux GmbH www.terra-solutions.de www.econlux.de |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Solar Raptor HID 70W Flood PAR38-Flood (122x141mm) >160 µW/cm² @ 30cm 24° |
| Lamp ID |
BSR2 (09/2010) UV WideBeam Pro |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
14/Dec/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
27/Feb/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.28 ; 0.4 ) | ( 0.27 ; 0.21 ; 0.29 ) |
| CCT | 5400 Kelvin | 8200 Kelvin | 5900 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.062 | 0.072 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 57500 µW/cm² = 575 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 3.49 µW/cm² = 0.0349 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 8.14 µW/cm² = 0.0814 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 57500 µW/cm² = 575 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 117 µW/cm² = 1.17 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 156 µW/cm² = 1.56 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 5280 µW/cm² = 52.8 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 112 µW/cm² = 1.12 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 277 µW/cm² = 2.77 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 5160 µW/cm² = 51.6 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 370 µW/cm² = 3.7 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 5120 µW/cm² = 51.2 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 4880 µW/cm² = 48.8 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 7050 µW/cm² = 70.5 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 4350 µW/cm² = 43.5 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 41500 µW/cm² = 415 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 51400 µW/cm² = 514 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 6160 µW/cm² = 61.6 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 50200 µW/cm² = 502 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 44700 µW/cm² = 447 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 11300 µW/cm² = 113 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 13300 µW/cm² = 133 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 1900 µW/cm² = 19 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 10300 µW/cm² = 103 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 7290 µW/cm² = 72.9 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 5160 µW/cm² = 51.6 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 11.6 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 57.4 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 16.4 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 3.56 µW/cm² DNA Damage 6.05 Vitamin D3 31.5 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 30600 µW/cm² Luminosity 136000 lx Human L-Cone 20300 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 16800 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 9820 µW/cm² CIE X 18200 µW/cm² CIE Y 18900 µW/cm² CIE Z 17200 µW/cm² PAR 209000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 228 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 809 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 143000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 92.8 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 1260000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 115 m²/mol L-Cone 17100 µW/cm² M-Cone 12900 µW/cm² S-Cone 18300 µW/cm² U-Cone 14600 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 14.4 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 13200 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 12100 µW/cm² (88.9 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 32.7 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 142000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 36.2 µW/cm² Actinic UV 14.2 µW/cm² (1.05 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 114000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 132000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 25700 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 225 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 10.5 Leybold UVB 137 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 3900 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 1.53 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 393 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 42.5 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 46.2 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2170 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 4260 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 77.7 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 2.26 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 32.8 IU/min UVX-31 626 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.109 µW/cm² IL UVA 4780 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 7.4 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 131 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 17.7) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 89.2 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 6.14 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 575 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 77.5 mW/cm² LS122 0.954 W/m² ISM400 417 W/m²