Spectrum 346: BAS14 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
Arcadia UK company https://www.arcadiareptile.com/ |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Arcadia D3 UV Basking Lamp 160W |
| Lamp ID |
BAS14 (07/2010) |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 105 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
14/Dec/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.33 ; 0.35 ) | ( 0.14 ; 0.39 ) | ( 0.26 ; 0.11 ; 0.29 ) |
| CCT | 5400 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin | 8500 Kelvin |
| distance | 0 | 0.15 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 3710 µW/cm² = 37.1 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 7.19 µW/cm² = 0.0719 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 10 µW/cm² = 0.1 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 3710 µW/cm² = 37.1 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 112 µW/cm² = 1.12 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 129 µW/cm² = 1.29 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 767 µW/cm² = 7.67 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 109 µW/cm² = 1.09 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 67.5 µW/cm² = 0.675 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 655 µW/cm² = 6.55 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 74 µW/cm² = 0.74 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 638 µW/cm² = 6.38 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 587 µW/cm² = 5.87 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 597 µW/cm² = 5.97 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 538 µW/cm² = 5.38 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 2310 µW/cm² = 23.1 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 2740 µW/cm² = 27.4 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 264 µW/cm² = 2.64 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 2620 µW/cm² = 26.2 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 2070 µW/cm² = 20.7 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 2170 µW/cm² = 21.7 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 2900 µW/cm² = 29 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 512 µW/cm² = 5.12 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 589 µW/cm² = 5.89 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 354 µW/cm² = 3.54 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 261 µW/cm² = 2.61 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 644 µW/cm² = 6.44 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 732 µW/cm² = 7.32 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 630 µW/cm² = 6.3 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 11.8 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 49.7 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 16.3 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 7 µW/cm² DNA Damage 8.99 Vitamin D3 32.5 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 1460 µW/cm² Luminosity 7020 lx Human L-Cone 1050 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 876 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 496 µW/cm² CIE X 934 µW/cm² CIE Y 991 µW/cm² CIE Z 870 µW/cm² PAR 11100000 mol photons Extinction preD3 225 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 697 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 144000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 106 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 902000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 124 m²/mol L-Cone 905 µW/cm² M-Cone 370 µW/cm² S-Cone 1010 µW/cm² U-Cone 1230 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 15 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 571 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 571 µW/cm² (81.4 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 34.1 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 7400 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 27.8 µW/cm² Actinic UV 14.8 µW/cm² (21.1 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 123000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 138000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 40000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 146 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 9.78 Leybold UVB 104 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 439 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 5.5 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 159 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 28.8 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 43.2 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 298 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 561 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 64.8 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 5.83 µW/cm² Luxmeter 7390 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 30.6 IU/min UVX-31 188 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0591 µW/cm² IL UVA 583 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 7.37 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 79.1 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 10.7) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 80.1 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 4.47 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 37.3 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 7.93 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0.197 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 30 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 1.46 W/m² ISM400_new 27.6 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 35 W/m²