Spectrum 316: BRSP4 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
ReptaPets Australia ReptaPets Austalia ReptaPet Sun Plus UV Tube 10.0 T8 |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Sun Plus UV 10.0 T8 18W |
| Lamp ID |
BRSP4 (08/2008) Lamp type associated with PKC;pre-used for 100hrs |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 10 cm |
| Age | 100 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
3/Jul/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
27/Feb/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.27 ; 0.27 ) | ( 0.28 ; 0.47 ) | ( 0.2 ; 0.23 ; 0.38 ) |
| CCT | 12000 Kelvin | 7800 Kelvin | 8100 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.14 | 0.11 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 483 µW/cm² = 4.83 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 1.6 µW/cm² = 0.016 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 7.68 µW/cm² = 0.0768 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 483 µW/cm² = 4.83 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 79.3 µW/cm² = 0.793 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 91.6 µW/cm² = 0.916 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 146 µW/cm² = 1.46 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 73.2 µW/cm² = 0.732 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 33.1 µW/cm² = 0.331 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 66.8 µW/cm² = 0.668 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 24.3 µW/cm² = 0.243 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 54.5 µW/cm² = 0.545 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 33.7 µW/cm² = 0.337 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 38.5 µW/cm² = 0.385 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 25.8 µW/cm² = 0.258 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 286 µW/cm² = 2.86 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 351 µW/cm² = 3.51 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 37.4 µW/cm² = 0.374 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 335 µW/cm² = 3.35 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 310 µW/cm² = 3.1 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 317 µW/cm² = 3.17 W/m² tmp ( 400 nm - 1100 nm) 328 µW/cm² = 3.28 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 112 µW/cm² = 1.12 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 89.1 µW/cm² = 0.891 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 12.8 µW/cm² = 0.128 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 44.2 µW/cm² = 0.442 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 40 µW/cm² = 0.4 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 10.9 µW/cm² = 0.109 W/m² IR2 ( 720 nm - 1100 nm) 6.49 µW/cm² = 0.0649 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 14.7 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 45.1 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 22.5 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 3.12 µW/cm² DNA Damage 6.46 Vitamin D3 43.7 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 230 µW/cm² Luminosity 768 lx Human L-Cone 112 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 101 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 96.7 µW/cm² CIE X 105 µW/cm² CIE Y 106 µW/cm² CIE Z 176 µW/cm² PAR 1520000 mol photons Extinction preD3 199 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 706 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 118000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 119 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 905000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 152 m²/mol L-Cone 91.2 µW/cm² M-Cone 105 µW/cm² S-Cone 177 µW/cm² U-Cone 90.9 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 18.5 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 125 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 110 µW/cm² (143 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 46.3 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 999 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 25.3 µW/cm² Actinic UV 18.3 µW/cm² (238 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 140000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 177000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 19500 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 109 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 13.2 Leybold UVB 75.4 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 33.8 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 1.43 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 93.1 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 20 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 47.3 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 52.9 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 57.1 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 61.2 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 1.54 µW/cm² Luxmeter 795 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 41.4 IU/min UVX-31 99.6 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0488 µW/cm² IL UVA 46 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 8.73 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 53.7 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 6.15) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 68.4 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 3.49 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 3.8 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.711 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0.000279 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 2.19 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 0.099 W/m² ISM400_new 1.75 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 3.26 W/m²