Spectrum 151: BU23 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
T-Rex T-Rex http://www.t-rexproducts.com |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Active UV Heat SB Flood - UK 2009 version 100W Self-ballasted 220V, 100W version with short glass neck (no brass collar) and moulded front lens. Batch KH. First test March 2009. Lamp reference BU23. Distance = 30cm In use: 1 hour |
| Lamp ID |
BU23 (03/2009) Self-ballasted 220V, 100W version with short glass neck (no brass collar) and moulded front lens. Batch KH. First test March 2009. |
| Spectrometer | USB2000+ (2) |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 30 cm |
| Age | 1 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Frances Baines |
Database entry created:
Frances Baines
11/Apr/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
9/Oct/2011
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
WARNING: The measurement range (350 - 800 nm) is not sufficient for this evaluation! Data is only available in the range 250.23 - 750.24 nm. Results are shown anyway but should be ignored by anyone except experts.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.32 ; 0.37 ) | ( 0.14 ; 0.39 ) | ( 0.26 ; 0.1 ; 0.29 ) |
| CCT | 6100 Kelvin | 0 Kelvin | 8700 Kelvin |
| distance | 0 | 0.15 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 5610 µW/cm² = 56.1 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 3.51 µW/cm² = 0.0351 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 4.33 µW/cm² = 0.0433 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 5610 µW/cm² = 56.1 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 109 µW/cm² = 1.09 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 126 µW/cm² = 1.26 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 1360 µW/cm² = 13.6 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 108 µW/cm² = 1.08 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 106 µW/cm² = 1.06 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 1250 µW/cm² = 12.5 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 125 µW/cm² = 1.25 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 1240 µW/cm² = 12.4 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 1150 µW/cm² = 11.5 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 1160 µW/cm² = 11.6 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 1070 µW/cm² = 10.7 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 4610 µW/cm² = 46.1 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 5030 µW/cm² = 50.3 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 502 µW/cm² = 5.02 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 4250 µW/cm² = 42.5 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 3920 µW/cm² = 39.2 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 968 µW/cm² = 9.68 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1240 µW/cm² = 12.4 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 773 µW/cm² = 7.73 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 239 µW/cm² = 2.39 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 520 µW/cm² = 5.2 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 280 µW/cm² = 2.8 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 6.06 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 42 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 9.21 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 3.32 µW/cm² DNA Damage 4.05 Vitamin D3 18.8 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 2530 µW/cm² Luminosity 14100 lx Human L-Cone 2060 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 1830 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 945 µW/cm² CIE X 1690 µW/cm² CIE Y 2000 µW/cm² CIE Z 1660 µW/cm² PAR 20000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 157 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 498 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 90900 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 44.3 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 675000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 48.3 m²/mol L-Cone 1730 µW/cm² M-Cone 694 µW/cm² S-Cone 1940 µW/cm² U-Cone 2390 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 6.56 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 1070 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 1090 µW/cm² (77.5 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 19.5 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 14300 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 23.4 µW/cm² Actinic UV 6.48 µW/cm² (4.61 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 54800 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 54300 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 25300 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 139 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 5.49 Leybold UVB 103 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 856 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 2.79 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 190 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 26.1 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 33.7 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 526 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 1070 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 54.2 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 2.85 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 17.2 IU/min UVX-31 238 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.0566 µW/cm² IL UVA 1130 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 4.61 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 81.3 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 17.6) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 71.2 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 4.08 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 49.1 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 15.2 mW/cm² LS122 0 W/m² ISM400 30.5 W/m²