4000 Kelvin
Spectrum 128: SW-BB4000 Edit
DeleteMeasurement
| Brand |
other other |
|---|---|
| Lamp Product |
Black Body Radiation Black Body Radiation I(lambda in meters) prop.to 1/lambda^5/(exp(0.014388/lambda/KELVIN)-1) |
| Lamp ID |
SW-BB4000 (03/2010) |
| Spectrometer | - |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | |
| Distance | 0 cm |
| Age | 0 hours |
| Originator (measurement) | Sarina Wunderlich |
Database entry created:
Sarina Wunderlich
12/Mar/2010 ; updated:
Sarina Wunderlich
5/May/2021
Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (id 1).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.38 ; 0.38 ) | ( 0.46 ; 0.33 ) | ( 0.37 ; 0.29 ; 0.21 ) |
| CCT | 4000 Kelvin | 4000 Kelvin | 4000 Kelvin |
| distance | 4.5E-5 | 0.0001 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) readings has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 386000 µW/cm² = 3860 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 420 µW/cm² = 4.2 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 596 µW/cm² = 5.96 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 149000 µW/cm² = 1490 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 849 µW/cm² = 8.49 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 1030 µW/cm² = 10.3 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 4990 µW/cm² = 49.9 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 675 µW/cm² = 6.75 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 856 µW/cm² = 8.56 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 4140 µW/cm² = 41.4 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 937 µW/cm² = 9.37 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 3960 µW/cm² = 39.6 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 3290 µW/cm² = 32.9 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 5190 µW/cm² = 51.9 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 2420 µW/cm² = 24.2 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 51100 µW/cm² = 511 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 84900 µW/cm² = 849 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 4830 µW/cm² = 48.3 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 110000 µW/cm² = 1100 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 80300 µW/cm² = 803 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 13100 µW/cm² = 131 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 22900 µW/cm² = 229 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 3080 µW/cm² = 30.8 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 21300 µW/cm² = 213 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 45200 µW/cm² = 452 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 183000 µW/cm² = 1830 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 94500 µW/cm² = 945 W/m²
Actionspectra
Erythema 310 UV-Index Pyrimidine dimerization of DNA 453 µW/cm² Photoceratitis 407 µW/cm² Photoconjunctivitis 342 µW/cm² DNA Damage 467 Vitamin D3 574 µW/cm² Photosynthesis 56600 µW/cm² Luminosity 222000 lx Human L-Cone 34000 µW/cm² Human M-Cone 26200 µW/cm² Human S-Cone 10600 µW/cm² CIE X 31200 µW/cm² CIE Y 30900 µW/cm² CIE Z 19900 µW/cm² PAR 390000000 mol photons Extinction preD3 5590 e-3*m²/mol Extinction Tachysterol 15100 e-3*m²/mol Exctincition PreD3 4530000 m²/mol Extinction Lumisterol 4340 m²/mol Exctincition Tachysterol 19200000 m²/mol Extinction 7DHC 5270 m²/mol L-Cone 30300 µW/cm² M-Cone 23800 µW/cm² S-Cone 16900 µW/cm² U-Cone 10500 µW/cm² UVR - ICNIRP 2004 546 Rel Biol Eff Melatonin Supression 17100 µW/cm² Blue Light Hazard 12200 µW/cm² (54.8 µW/cm² per 1000 lx) CIE 174:2006 PreVit D3 590 µW/cm² Lumen Reptil 199000 "pseudo-lx" Vitamin D3 Degradation 434 µW/cm² Actinic UV 544 µW/cm² (24.5 mW/klm) Exctincition Lumisterol 4690000 m²/mol Exctincition 7DHC 5660000 m²/mol Exctincition Toxisterols 1730000 m²/mol
Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 1710 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 209 Leybold UVB 800 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 3010 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 245 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 1490 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 539 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 598 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 2610 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 3410 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 788 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 282 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 652 IU/min UVX-31 1700 µW/cm² IL UVB 0.738 µW/cm² IL UVA 3560 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 134 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 777 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 5.78) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 830 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 53.1 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) 2940 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 60.8 mW/cm² LS122 1470 W/m² ISM400 3270 W/m²