Spectrum #102 SW-T9 (other CIE standard illuminant F9) Edit
Delete(1) Raw Measurement
| Lampid | SW-T9 |
|---|---|
| Spectrometer | - |
| Originator | Publication |
| Ballast | - no ballast or default/unknown ballast - |
| Reflector | - no reflector - |
| Distance | 0 |
| Age | 0 |
created by Sarina Wunderlich, 04.03.2010; last updated by Sarina Wunderlich, 09.10.2011
Description
(2) Comparison of full spectrum to sunlight
The spectrum is compared to the ASTM spectrum. The measured spectrum is scaled to a lux or UVI value that seems to "make sense" to the database. This can go wrong, depending on the quality and range of the data.
(3) Colorimetry
Colorimetry is the science to describe physically the human color perception. The wavelength range 380 nm - 780 nm is visible to humans and detected by three different photoreceptors. Many Reptiles see the range 350 nm - 800 nm and have an additional UV photoreceptor in their retina.
Whereas a spectrometer measures the intensity in every tiny wavelength interval resulting in thousands of individual intensities, the human eye only measures three intensities detected by the three cones. The same is true for the reptile eye with usually three or four photoreceptors. Effectively the detailled spectrum displayed above reduces to a much compacter bar graph displayed below. The photoreceptor sensitivites from these L-Cone, M-Cone, S-Cone, and U-Cone are used, they are chosen as an average of measured reptile photoreceptor sensitivity curves. The bar graph also shows as reference the intensity seen by the three or four photoreceptors for average sunlight (ASTM spectrum).
From these three numbers the colour coordinate and the correlated colour temperature for humans are calculated using the CIE standard method. I adapted this concept to a "3 cone reptile (M,S,U)" and a "4 cone reptile (L,M,S,U)". I am sure, that this adaption to other colour spaces makes sense mathematically and this is also done in scientific research regarding colour vision of animals, however I have not seen calculation of colour temperatures for other animals in the scientific literature. Even if it is hypothetical, at least this shows, how arbitrary the colour temperature is, and that the colour temperature calculated for humans does not apply to reptiles. The colour spaces also show the colour coordinates of different phases of daylight ((ids 1, 338 – 451, 511 – 513 ), indicated by crosses, coloured in the appriximate colour perceived by a human.
| Human (CIE) | 3 cone reptile | 4 cone reptile | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cone Excitation | |||
| Colour Coordinate | ( 0.37 ; 0.37 ) | ( 0.49 ; 0.42 ) | ( 0.4 ; 0.29 ; 0.25 ) |
| CCT | 4100 Kelvin | 3900 Kelvin | 3700 Kelvin |
| distance | 0.091 | 0.055 | |
| colour space | 3-D-graph not implemented yet |
(4) Vitamin D3 Analysis
Vitamin D3 is produced by UVB radiation around 300 nm. 7DHC/ProD3 present in the skin is converted to PreD3 when absorbing an UV photon. PreD3 can be converted back to ProD3, to Lumisterol, or to Tachysterol when absorbing another UV photon or can be converted to Vitamin D3 in a warm environment.
This process prevents any overdose of vitamin D3 from UV radiation with a spectrum similar to sunlight. As a comparison the solar spectra at 20°(id:14) and at 85°(id:21) solar angle are shown.
The ratio of the readings of two solarmeters 6.2 (UVB) and 6.5 (UV index) has proven a useful and very simply number to acess the spectral shape in the vitamin-d3-active region.
(5) Effective Irradiances
Effective irradiances are calculated for all ranges, actionspectra and radiometers currently present in this database.
The calculation method is a numerical implementation (Simpson's rule) of the formula
To learn more about calculating effective irradiances and radiometers I recommend this excellent report on UVB meters: Characterizing the Performance of Integral Measuring UV-Meters (pdf).
The numbers in the following tables can also be used to estimate certain (effective) irradiances from radiomer readings. Example: If the database lists
- range: UVB (US) = 13.8 µW/cm²
- radiometer: Solarmeter 6.2 = 19.6 µW/cm²
(5a) Ranges
total ( 0 nm - 0 nm) 3710 µW/cm² = 37.1 W/m² UVC ( 0 nm - 280 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² non-terrestrial ( 0 nm - 290 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² total2 ( 250 nm - 880 nm) 3710 µW/cm² = 37.1 W/m² UVB (EU) ( 280 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVB (US) ( 280 nm - 320 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA+B ( 280 nm - 380 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² Solar UVB ( 290 nm - 315 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA D3 regulating ( 315 nm - 335 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (EU) ( 315 nm - 380 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA2 (medical definition) ( 320 nm - 340 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA (US) ( 320 nm - 380 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA1 (variant) ( 335 nm - 380 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² UVA1 (medical) ( 340 nm - 400 nm) 28.8 µW/cm² = 0.288 W/m² vis. UVA ( 350 nm - 380 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m² VIS Rep3 ( 350 nm - 600 nm) 2230 µW/cm² = 22.3 W/m² VIS Rep4 ( 350 nm - 700 nm) 3480 µW/cm² = 34.8 W/m² purple ( 380 nm - 420 nm) 135 µW/cm² = 1.35 W/m² VIS ( 380 nm - 780 nm) 3710 µW/cm² = 37.1 W/m² VIS2 ( 400 nm - 680 nm) 3310 µW/cm² = 33.1 W/m² PAR ( 400 nm - 700 nm) 3450 µW/cm² = 34.5 W/m² blue ( 420 nm - 490 nm) 646 µW/cm² = 6.46 W/m² green ( 490 nm - 575 nm) 1060 µW/cm² = 10.6 W/m² yellow ( 575 nm - 585 nm) 171 µW/cm² = 1.71 W/m² orange ( 585 nm - 650 nm) 946 µW/cm² = 9.46 W/m² tmp ( 600 nm - 1000 nm) 1480 µW/cm² = 14.8 W/m² red ( 650 nm - 780 nm) 754 µW/cm² = 7.54 W/m² IR2 ( 655 nm - 685 nm) 341 µW/cm² = 3.41 W/m² IRA ( 700 nm - 1400 nm) 236 µW/cm² = 2.36 W/m² IRB ( 1400 nm - 3000 nm) 0 µW/cm² = 0 W/m²
(5b) Actionspectra
(5c) Broadbandmeters
Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, pre 2010) 0.0714 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UV-Index, pre 2010) 0.000237 Leybold UVB 0 µW/cm² Leybold UVA 3.17 µW/cm² Leybold UVC 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVB 0 µW/cm² DeltaOhm UVC 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVB 0 µW/cm² Vernier UVA 0.62 µW/cm² Gröbel UVA 1.37 µW/cm² Gröbel UVB 0 µW/cm² Gröbel UVC 0 µW/cm² Luxmeter 10500 lx Solarmeter 6.4 (D3) 0.000741 IU/min UVX-31 0 µW/cm² IL UVB 0 µW/cm² IL UVA 3.09 µW/cm² Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) 0 UV-Index Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) 0.000831 µW/cm² (Solarmeter Ratio = 0) Solarmeter AlGaN 6.5 UVI sensor 0.00214 UV Index GenUV 7.1 UV-Index 0.00314 UV-Index Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (manuf.) 41.8 W/m² Solarmeter 4.0 (UVA) 0.326 mW/cm² LS122 (manuf.) 0 W/m² ISM400 (first guess) 32.2 W/m² LS122 (assumption) 1.7 W/m² ISM400_new 27.2 W/m² Solarmeter 10.0 (Global Power) (assumption) 41.5 W/m²
(5d) Summary of my favourites
| UVC (0nm -280nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| non-terrestrial (0nm -290nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVB (EU) (280nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVB (US) (280nm -320nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| Solar UVB (290nm -315nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVA (EU) (315nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVA (US) (320nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVA2 (medical definition) (320nm -340nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| UVA1 (medical) (340nm -400nm) [µW/cm] | 28.8 | 0.776 % |
| UVA D3 regulating (315nm -335nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| vis. UVA (350nm -380nm) [µW/cm] | 0 | 0 % |
| VIS (380nm -780nm) [µW/cm] | 3710 | 100 % |
| blue (420nm -490nm) [µW/cm] | 646 | 17.4 % |
| total2 (250nm -880nm) [µW/cm] | 3710 | 100 % |
| UV-Index2 [UV-Index] | 0.00138 | |
| Luminosity [lx] | 10500 | |
| Blue Light Hazard [µW/cm²] | 586 | 55.7µW/cm/1000lx |
| Solarmeter 6.5 (UVI, post 2010) [UV-Index] | 0 | |
| Solarmeter 6.2 (UVB, post 2010) [µW/cm²] | 0.000831 | |
| Actinic UV [µW/cm²] | 0.000886 | 4.89 at UVI7.6 |
| Vitamin D3 [µW/cm²] | 0 | 0 at UVI7.6 |